From 3f93aef535c8ea03e40cd8acf0753b3e6ed33e96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Dennis Zhou Date: Mon, 4 Feb 2019 15:20:08 -0500 Subject: [PATCH] btrfs: add zstd compression level support Zstd compression requires different amounts of memory for each level of compression. The prior patches implemented indirection to allow for each compression type to manage their workspaces independently. This patch uses this indirection to implement compression level support for zstd. To manage the additional memory require, each compression level has its own queue of workspaces. A global LRU is used to help with reclaim. Reclaim is done via a timer which provides a mechanism to decrease memory utilization by keeping only workspaces around that are sized appropriately. Forward progress is guaranteed by a preallocated max workspace hidden from the LRU. When getting a workspace, it uses a bitmap to identify the levels that are populated and scans up. If it finds a workspace that is greater than it, it uses it, but does not update the last_used time and the corresponding place in the LRU. If we hit memory pressure, we sleep on the max level workspace. We continue to rescan in case we can use a smaller workspace, but eventually should be able to obtain the max level workspace or allocate one again should memory pressure subside. The memory requirement for decompression is the same as level 1, and therefore can use any of available workspace. The number of workspaces is bound by an upper limit of the workqueue's limit which currently is 2 (percpu limit). The reclaim timer is used to free inactive/improperly sized workspaces and is set to 307s to avoid colliding with transaction commit (every 30s). Repeating the experiment from v2 [1], the Silesia corpus was copied to a btrfs filesystem 10 times and then read back after dropping the caches. The btrfs filesystem was on an SSD. Level Ratio Compression (MB/s) Decompression (MB/s) Memory (KB) 1 2.658 438.47 910.51 780 2 2.744 364.86 886.55 1004 3 2.801 336.33 828.41 1260 4 2.858 286.71 886.55 1260 5 2.916 212.77 556.84 1388 6 2.363 119.82 990.85 1516 7 3.000 154.06 849.30 1516 8 3.011 159.54 875.03 1772 9 3.025 100.51 940.15 1772 10 3.033 118.97 616.26 1772 11 3.036 94.19 802.11 1772 12 3.037 73.45 931.49 1772 13 3.041 55.17 835.26 2284 14 3.087 44.70 716.78 2547 15 3.126 37.30 878.84 2547 [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-btrfs/20181031181108.289340-1-terrelln@fb.com/ Cc: Nick Terrell Cc: Omar Sandoval Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou Reviewed-by: David Sterba Signed-off-by: David Sterba --- fs/btrfs/super.c | 6 +- fs/btrfs/zstd.c | 248 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 2 files changed, 245 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/fs/btrfs/super.c b/fs/btrfs/super.c index 9ac94c9d597d4..120e4340792aa 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/super.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/super.c @@ -544,9 +544,13 @@ int btrfs_parse_options(struct btrfs_fs_info *info, char *options, btrfs_clear_opt(info->mount_opt, NODATASUM); btrfs_set_fs_incompat(info, COMPRESS_LZO); no_compress = 0; - } else if (strcmp(args[0].from, "zstd") == 0) { + } else if (strncmp(args[0].from, "zstd", 4) == 0) { compress_type = "zstd"; info->compress_type = BTRFS_COMPRESS_ZSTD; + info->compress_level = + btrfs_compress_str2level( + BTRFS_COMPRESS_ZSTD, + args[0].from + 4); btrfs_set_opt(info->mount_opt, COMPRESS); btrfs_clear_opt(info->mount_opt, NODATACOW); btrfs_clear_opt(info->mount_opt, NODATASUM); diff --git a/fs/btrfs/zstd.c b/fs/btrfs/zstd.c index 65018c401c464..3e418a3aeb114 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/zstd.c +++ b/fs/btrfs/zstd.c @@ -6,21 +6,26 @@ */ #include +#include #include #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include #include #include #include "compression.h" +#include "ctree.h" #define ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_WINDOWLOG 17 #define ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_INPUT (1 << ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_WINDOWLOG) #define ZSTD_BTRFS_DEFAULT_LEVEL 3 #define ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL 15 +/* 307s to avoid pathologically clashing with transaction commit */ +#define ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES (307 * HZ) static ZSTD_parameters zstd_get_btrfs_parameters(unsigned int level, size_t src_len) @@ -37,16 +42,101 @@ struct workspace { void *mem; size_t size; char *buf; + unsigned int level; unsigned int req_level; + unsigned long last_used; /* jiffies */ struct list_head list; + struct list_head lru_list; ZSTD_inBuffer in_buf; ZSTD_outBuffer out_buf; }; -static struct workspace_manager wsm; +/* + * Zstd Workspace Management + * + * Zstd workspaces have different memory requirements depending on the level. + * The zstd workspaces are managed by having individual lists for each level + * and a global lru. Forward progress is maintained by protecting a max level + * workspace. + * + * Getting a workspace is done by using the bitmap to identify the levels that + * have available workspaces and scans up. This lets us recycle higher level + * workspaces because of the monotonic memory guarantee. A workspace's + * last_used is only updated if it is being used by the corresponding memory + * level. Putting a workspace involves adding it back to the appropriate places + * and adding it back to the lru if necessary. + * + * A timer is used to reclaim workspaces if they have not been used for + * ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES. This helps keep only active workspaces around. + * The upper bound is provided by the workqueue limit which is 2 (percpu limit). + */ + +struct zstd_workspace_manager { + const struct btrfs_compress_op *ops; + spinlock_t lock; + struct list_head lru_list; + struct list_head idle_ws[ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL]; + unsigned long active_map; + wait_queue_head_t wait; + struct timer_list timer; +}; + +static struct zstd_workspace_manager wsm; static size_t zstd_ws_mem_sizes[ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL]; +static inline struct workspace *list_to_workspace(struct list_head *list) +{ + return container_of(list, struct workspace, list); +} + +/* + * zstd_reclaim_timer_fn - reclaim timer + * @t: timer + * + * This scans the lru_list and attempts to reclaim any workspace that hasn't + * been used for ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES. + */ +static void zstd_reclaim_timer_fn(struct timer_list *timer) +{ + unsigned long reclaim_threshold = jiffies - ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES; + struct list_head *pos, *next; + + spin_lock(&wsm.lock); + + if (list_empty(&wsm.lru_list)) { + spin_unlock(&wsm.lock); + return; + } + + list_for_each_prev_safe(pos, next, &wsm.lru_list) { + struct workspace *victim = container_of(pos, struct workspace, + lru_list); + unsigned int level; + + if (time_after(victim->last_used, reclaim_threshold)) + break; + + /* workspace is in use */ + if (victim->req_level) + continue; + + level = victim->level; + list_del(&victim->lru_list); + list_del(&victim->list); + wsm.ops->free_workspace(&victim->list); + + if (list_empty(&wsm.idle_ws[level - 1])) + clear_bit(level - 1, &wsm.active_map); + + } + + if (!list_empty(&wsm.lru_list)) + mod_timer(&wsm.timer, jiffies + ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES); + + spin_unlock(&wsm.lock); +} + /* * zstd_calc_ws_mem_sizes - calculate monotonic memory bounds * @@ -76,29 +166,164 @@ static void zstd_calc_ws_mem_sizes(void) static void zstd_init_workspace_manager(void) { + struct list_head *ws; + int i; + zstd_calc_ws_mem_sizes(); - btrfs_init_workspace_manager(&wsm, &btrfs_zstd_compress); + wsm.ops = &btrfs_zstd_compress; + spin_lock_init(&wsm.lock); + init_waitqueue_head(&wsm.wait); + timer_setup(&wsm.timer, zstd_reclaim_timer_fn, 0); + + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wsm.lru_list); + for (i = 0; i < ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL; i++) + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wsm.idle_ws[i]); + + ws = wsm.ops->alloc_workspace(ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL); + if (IS_ERR(ws)) { + pr_warn( + "BTRFS: cannot preallocate zstd compression workspace\n"); + } else { + set_bit(ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL - 1, &wsm.active_map); + list_add(ws, &wsm.idle_ws[ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL - 1]); + } } static void zstd_cleanup_workspace_manager(void) { - btrfs_cleanup_workspace_manager(&wsm); + struct workspace *workspace; + int i; + + del_timer(&wsm.timer); + + for (i = 0; i < ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL; i++) { + while (!list_empty(&wsm.idle_ws[i])) { + workspace = container_of(wsm.idle_ws[i].next, + struct workspace, list); + list_del(&workspace->list); + list_del(&workspace->lru_list); + wsm.ops->free_workspace(&workspace->list); + } + } +} + +/* + * zstd_find_workspace - find workspace + * @level: compression level + * + * This iterates over the set bits in the active_map beginning at the requested + * compression level. This lets us utilize already allocated workspaces before + * allocating a new one. If the workspace is of a larger size, it is used, but + * the place in the lru_list and last_used times are not updated. This is to + * offer the opportunity to reclaim the workspace in favor of allocating an + * appropriately sized one in the future. + */ +static struct list_head *zstd_find_workspace(unsigned int level) +{ + struct list_head *ws; + struct workspace *workspace; + int i = level - 1; + + spin_lock(&wsm.lock); + for_each_set_bit_from(i, &wsm.active_map, ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL) { + if (!list_empty(&wsm.idle_ws[i])) { + ws = wsm.idle_ws[i].next; + workspace = list_to_workspace(ws); + list_del_init(ws); + /* keep its place if it's a lower level using this */ + workspace->req_level = level; + if (level == workspace->level) + list_del(&workspace->lru_list); + if (list_empty(&wsm.idle_ws[i])) + clear_bit(i, &wsm.active_map); + spin_unlock(&wsm.lock); + return ws; + } + } + spin_unlock(&wsm.lock); + + return NULL; } +/* + * zstd_get_workspace - zstd's get_workspace + * @level: compression level + * + * If @level is 0, then any compression level can be used. Therefore, we begin + * scanning from 1. We first scan through possible workspaces and then after + * attempt to allocate a new workspace. If we fail to allocate one due to + * memory pressure, go to sleep waiting for the max level workspace to free up. + */ static struct list_head *zstd_get_workspace(unsigned int level) { - struct list_head *ws = btrfs_get_workspace(&wsm, level); - struct workspace *workspace = list_entry(ws, struct workspace, list); + struct list_head *ws; + unsigned int nofs_flag; - workspace->req_level = level; + /* level == 0 means we can use any workspace */ + if (!level) + level = 1; + +again: + ws = zstd_find_workspace(level); + if (ws) + return ws; + + nofs_flag = memalloc_nofs_save(); + ws = wsm.ops->alloc_workspace(level); + memalloc_nofs_restore(nofs_flag); + + if (IS_ERR(ws)) { + DEFINE_WAIT(wait); + + prepare_to_wait(&wsm.wait, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); + schedule(); + finish_wait(&wsm.wait, &wait); + + goto again; + } return ws; } +/* + * zstd_put_workspace - zstd put_workspace + * @ws: list_head for the workspace + * + * When putting back a workspace, we only need to update the LRU if we are of + * the requested compression level. Here is where we continue to protect the + * max level workspace or update last_used accordingly. If the reclaim timer + * isn't set, it is also set here. Only the max level workspace tries and wakes + * up waiting workspaces. + */ static void zstd_put_workspace(struct list_head *ws) { - btrfs_put_workspace(&wsm, ws); + struct workspace *workspace = list_to_workspace(ws); + + spin_lock(&wsm.lock); + + /* A node is only taken off the lru if we are the corresponding level */ + if (workspace->req_level == workspace->level) { + /* Hide a max level workspace from reclaim */ + if (list_empty(&wsm.idle_ws[ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL - 1])) { + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&workspace->lru_list); + } else { + workspace->last_used = jiffies; + list_add(&workspace->lru_list, &wsm.lru_list); + if (!timer_pending(&wsm.timer)) + mod_timer(&wsm.timer, + jiffies + ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES); + } + } + + set_bit(workspace->level - 1, &wsm.active_map); + list_add(&workspace->list, &wsm.idle_ws[workspace->level - 1]); + workspace->req_level = 0; + + spin_unlock(&wsm.lock); + + if (workspace->level == ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL) + cond_wake_up(&wsm.wait); } static void zstd_free_workspace(struct list_head *ws) @@ -119,12 +344,16 @@ static struct list_head *zstd_alloc_workspace(unsigned int level) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); workspace->size = zstd_ws_mem_sizes[level - 1]; + workspace->level = level; + workspace->req_level = level; + workspace->last_used = jiffies; workspace->mem = kvmalloc(workspace->size, GFP_KERNEL); workspace->buf = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL); if (!workspace->mem || !workspace->buf) goto fail; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&workspace->list); + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&workspace->lru_list); return &workspace->list; fail: @@ -478,7 +707,10 @@ finish: static unsigned int zstd_set_level(unsigned int level) { - return ZSTD_BTRFS_DEFAULT_LEVEL; + if (!level) + return ZSTD_BTRFS_DEFAULT_LEVEL; + + return min_t(unsigned int, level, ZSTD_BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL); } const struct btrfs_compress_op btrfs_zstd_compress = { -- 2.39.5