Kees Cook [Wed, 18 May 2022 20:52:22 +0000 (13:52 -0700)]
bitmap: Fix return values to be unsigned
Both nodemask and bitmap routines had mixed return values that provided
potentially signed return values that could never happen. This was
leading to the compiler getting confusing about the range of possible
return values (it was thinking things could be negative where they could
not be). In preparation for fixing nodemask, fix all the bitmap routines
that should be returning unsigned (or bool) values.
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com> Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Cc: Christophe de Dinechin <dinechin@redhat.com> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Yury Norov [Tue, 10 May 2022 01:54:23 +0000 (18:54 -0700)]
KVM: x86: hyper-v: replace bitmap_weight() with hweight64()
kvm_hv_flush_tlb() applies bitmap API to a u64 variable valid_bank_mask.
Since valid_bank_mask has a fixed size, we can use hweight64() and avoid
excessive bloating.
CC: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> CC: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> CC: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> CC: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> CC: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com> CC: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org> CC: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> CC: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> CC: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> CC: Wanpeng Li <wanpengli@tencent.com> CC: kvm@vger.kernel.org CC: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org CC: x86@kernel.org Acked-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Yury Norov [Thu, 19 May 2022 17:15:04 +0000 (10:15 -0700)]
KVM: x86: hyper-v: fix type of valid_bank_mask
In kvm_hv_flush_tlb(), valid_bank_mask is declared as unsigned long,
but is used as u64, which is wrong for i386, and has been spotted by
LKP after applying "KVM: x86: hyper-v: replace bitmap_weight() with
hweight64()"
drm/amd/pm: use bitmap_{from,to}_arr32 where appropriate
The smu_v1X_0_set_allowed_mask() uses bitmap_copy() to convert
bitmap to 32-bit array. This may be wrong due to endiannes issues.
Fix it by switching to bitmap_{from,to}_arr32.
CC: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> CC: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> CC: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> CC: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> CC: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> CC: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> CC: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> CC: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> CC: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> CC: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Manipulating 64-bit arrays with bitmap functions is potentially dangerous
because on 32-bit BE machines the order of halfwords doesn't match.
Another issue is that compiler may throw a warning about out-of-boundary
access.
This patch adds bitmap_{from,to}_arr64 functions in addition to existing
bitmap_{from,to}_arr32.
CC: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> CC: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> CC: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> CC: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> CC: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> CC: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> CC: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> CC: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> CC: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> CC: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
lib/bitmap: extend comment for bitmap_(from,to)_arr32()
On LE systems bitmaps are naturally ordered, therefore we can potentially
use bitmap_copy routines when converting from 32-bit arrays, even if host
system is 64-bit. But it may lead to out-of-bond access due to unsafe
typecast, and the bitmap_(from,to)_arr32 comment doesn't explain that
clearly
CC: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> CC: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> CC: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> CC: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> CC: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> CC: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> CC: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> CC: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> CC: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> CC: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
The order of the arguments in function documentation doesn't fit the
implementation. Change the documentation so that it corresponds to the
code. This prevent people to get confused when reading the documentation.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:39:25 +0000 (10:39 -0800)]
MAINTAINERS: add cpumask and nodemask files to BITMAP_API
cpumask and nodemask APIs are thin wrappers around basic bitmap API, and
corresponding files are not formally maintained. This patch adds them to
BITMAP_API section, so that bitmap folks would have closer look at it.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:57 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
arch/x86: replace nodes_weight with nodes_empty where appropriate
mm code calls nodes_weight() to check if any bit of a given nodemask is
set. We can do it more efficiently with nodes_empty() because nodes_empty()
stops traversing the nodemask as soon as it finds first set bit, while
nodes_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:56 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
mm/vmstat: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
mm/vmstat.c code calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of a given
cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty() because
cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds first set
bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:55 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
clocksource: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty in clocksource.c
clocksource_verify_percpu() calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of
a given cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty()
because cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds
first set bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:51 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
genirq/affinity: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
__irq_build_affinity_masks() calls cpumask_weight() to check if
any bit of a given cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with
cpumask_empty() because cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as
soon as it finds first set bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits
unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:50 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
irq: mips: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
bcm6345_l1_of_init() calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of a given
cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty() because
cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds first set
bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:48 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
drm/i915/pmu: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
i915_pmu_cpu_online() calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of a
given cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty()
because cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds
first set bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:46 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
arch/x86: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
In some cases, arch/x86 code calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of
a given cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty()
because cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds
first set bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Steve Wahl <steve.wahl@hpe.com>
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:45 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
arch/ia64: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
setup_arch() calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of a given cpumask
is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty() because
cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds first set
bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:44 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
arch/alpha: replace cpumask_weight with cpumask_empty where appropriate
common_shutdown_1() calls cpumask_weight() to check if any bit of a
given cpumask is set. We can do it more efficiently with cpumask_empty()
because cpumask_empty() stops traversing the cpumask as soon as it finds
first set bit, while cpumask_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Wed, 9 Feb 2022 23:54:34 +0000 (15:54 -0800)]
qed: replace bitmap_weight with bitmap_empty in qed_roce_stop()
qed_roce_stop() calls bitmap_weight() to check if any bit of a given
bitmap is set. We can do it more efficiently with bitmap_empty() because
bitmap_empty() stops traversing the bitmap as soon as it finds first set
bit, while bitmap_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:40 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
octeontx2-pf: replace bitmap_weight with bitmap_empty where appropriate
In some places, octeontx2 code calls bitmap_weight() to check if any bit of
a given bitmap is set. It's better to use bitmap_empty() in that case
because bitmap_empty() stops traversing the bitmap as soon as it finds
first set bit, while bitmap_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:37 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
KVM: x86: replace bitmap_weight with bitmap_empty where appropriate
In some places kvm/hyperv.c code calls bitmap_weight() to check if any bit
of a given bitmap is set. It's better to use bitmap_empty() in that case
because bitmap_empty() stops traversing the bitmap as soon as it finds
first set bit, while bitmap_weight() counts all bits unconditionally.
Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Yury Norov [Sun, 23 Jan 2022 18:38:41 +0000 (10:38 -0800)]
qed: rework qed_rdma_bmap_free()
qed_rdma_bmap_free() is mostly an opencoded version of printk("%*pb").
Using %*pb format simplifies the code, and helps to avoid inefficient
usage of bitmap_weight().
While here, reorganize logic to avoid calculating bmap weight if check
is false.
Merge tag 'tty-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty
Pull serial driver fix from Greg KH:
"This is a single serial driver fix for a build issue that showed up
due to changes that came in through the tty tree in 5.18-rc1 that were
missed previously. It resolves a build error with the mpc52xx_uart
driver.
It has been in linux-next this week with no reported problems"
* tag 'tty-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty:
tty: serial: mpc52xx_uart: make rx/tx hooks return unsigned, part II.
Merge tag 'staging-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging
Pull staging driver fix from Greg KH:
"Here is a single staging driver fix for 5.18-rc2 that resolves an
endian issue for the r8188eu driver. It has been in linux-next all
this week with no reported problems"
* tag 'staging-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging:
staging: r8188eu: Fix PPPoE tag insertion on little endian systems
Merge tag 'driver-core-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core
Pull driver core updates from Greg KH:
"Here are two small driver core changes for 5.18-rc2.
They are the final bits in the removal of the default_attrs field in
struct kobj_type. I had to wait until after 5.18-rc1 for all of the
changes to do this came in through different development trees, and
then one new user snuck in. So this series has two changes:
- removal of the default_attrs field in the powerpc/pseries/vas code.
The change has been acked by the PPC maintainers to come through
this tree
- removal of default_attrs from struct kobj_type now that all
in-kernel users are removed.
This cleans up the kobject code a little bit and removes some
duplicated functionality that confused people (now there is only
one way to do default groups)
Both of these have been in linux-next for all of this week with no
reported problems"
* tag 'driver-core-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core:
kobject: kobj_type: remove default_attrs
powerpc/pseries/vas: use default_groups in kobj_type
Merge tag 'char-misc-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc
Pull char/misc driver fix from Greg KH:
"A single driver fix. It resolves the build warning issue on 32bit
systems in the habannalabs driver that came in during the 5.18-rc1
merge cycle.
It has been in linux-next for all this week with no reported problems"
* tag 'char-misc-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc:
habanalabs: Fix test build failures
Merge tag 'powerpc-5.18-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc fixes from Michael Ellerman:
- Fix KVM "lost kick" race, where an attempt to pull a vcpu out of the
guest could be lost (or delayed until the next guest exit).
- Disable SCV (system call vectored) when PR KVM guests could be run.
- Fix KVM PR guests using SCV, by disallowing AIL != 0 for KVM PR
guests.
- Add a new KVM CAP to indicate if AIL == 3 is supported.
- Fix a regression when hotplugging a CPU to a memoryless/cpuless node.
- Make virt_addr_valid() stricter for 64-bit Book3E & 32-bit, which
fixes crashes seen due to hardened usercopy.
- Revert a change to max_mapnr which broke HIGHMEM.
Thanks to Christophe Leroy, Fabiano Rosas, Kefeng Wang, Nicholas Piggin,
and Srikar Dronamraju.
* tag 'powerpc-5.18-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux:
Revert "powerpc: Set max_mapnr correctly"
powerpc: Fix virt_addr_valid() for 64-bit Book3E & 32-bit
KVM: PPC: Move kvmhv_on_pseries() into kvm_ppc.h
powerpc/numa: Handle partially initialized numa nodes
powerpc/64: Fix build failure with allyesconfig in book3s_64_entry.S
KVM: PPC: Use KVM_CAP_PPC_AIL_MODE_3
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Disallow AIL != 0
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Disable SCV when AIL could be disabled
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV P9: Fix "lost kick" race
Merge tag 'irq-urgent-2022-04-10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull irq fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
"A set of interrupt chip driver fixes:
- A fix for a long standing bug in the ARM GICv3 redistributor
polling which uses the wrong bit number to test.
- Prevent translation of bogus ACPI table entries which map device
interrupts into the IPI space on ARM GICs.
- Don't write into the pending register of ARM GICV4 before the scan
in hardware has completed.
- A set of build and correctness fixes for the Qualcomm MPM driver"
* tag 'irq-urgent-2022-04-10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
irqchip/gic, gic-v3: Prevent GSI to SGI translations
irqchip/gic-v3: Fix GICR_CTLR.RWP polling
irqchip/gic-v4: Wait for GICR_VPENDBASER.Dirty to clear before descheduling
irqchip/irq-qcom-mpm: fix return value check in qcom_mpm_init()
irq/qcom-mpm: Fix build error without MAILBOX
Merge tag 'perf_urgent_for_v5.18_rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull perf fixes from Borislav Petkov:
- A couple of fixes to cgroup-related handling of perf events
- A couple of fixes to event encoding on Sapphire Rapids
- Pass event caps of inherited events so that perf doesn't fail wrongly
at fork()
- Add support for a new Raptor Lake CPU
* tag 'perf_urgent_for_v5.18_rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
perf/core: Always set cpuctx cgrp when enable cgroup event
perf/core: Fix perf_cgroup_switch()
perf/core: Use perf_cgroup_info->active to check if cgroup is active
perf/core: Don't pass task around when ctx sched in
perf/x86/intel: Update the FRONTEND MSR mask on Sapphire Rapids
perf/x86/intel: Don't extend the pseudo-encoding to GP counters
perf/core: Inherit event_caps
perf/x86/uncore: Add Raptor Lake uncore support
perf/x86/msr: Add Raptor Lake CPU support
perf/x86/cstate: Add Raptor Lake support
perf/x86: Add Intel Raptor Lake support
Merge tag 'locking_urgent_for_v5.18_rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull locking fixes from Borislav Petkov:
- Allow the compiler to optimize away unused percpu accesses and change
the local_lock_* macros back to inline functions
- A couple of fixes to static call insn patching
* tag 'locking_urgent_for_v5.18_rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
Revert "mm/page_alloc: mark pagesets as __maybe_unused"
Revert "locking/local_lock: Make the empty local_lock_*() function a macro."
x86/percpu: Remove volatile from arch_raw_cpu_ptr().
static_call: Remove __DEFINE_STATIC_CALL macro
static_call: Properly initialise DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_RET0()
static_call: Don't make __static_call_return0 static
x86,static_call: Fix __static_call_return0 for i386
Merge tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.18_rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull scheduler fixes from Borislav Petkov:
- Use the correct static key checking primitive on the IRQ exit path
- Two fixes for the new forceidle balancer
* tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.18_rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
entry: Fix compile error in dynamic_irqentry_exit_cond_resched()
sched: Teach the forced-newidle balancer about CPU affinity limitation.
sched/core: Fix forceidle balancing
Merge tag 'perf-tools-fixes-for-v5.18-2022-04-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux
Pull perf tools fixes from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo:
- Fix the clang command line option probing and remove some options to
filter out, fixing the build with the latest clang versions
- Fix 'perf bench' futex and epoll benchmarks to deal with machines
with more than 1K CPUs
- Fix 'perf test tsc' error message when not supported
- Remap perf ring buffer if there is no space for event, fixing perf
usage in 32-bit ChromeOS
- Drop objdump stderr to avoid getting stuck waiting for stdout output
in 'perf annotate'
- Fix up garbled output by now showing unwind error messages when
augmenting frame in best effort mode
- Fix perf's libperf_print callback, use the va_args eprintf() variant
- Sync vhost and arm64 cputype headers with the kernel sources
- Fix 'perf report --mem-mode' with ARM SPE
- Add missing external commands ('iiostat', etc) to 'perf --list-cmds'
* tag 'perf-tools-fixes-for-v5.18-2022-04-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux:
perf annotate: Drop objdump stderr to avoid getting stuck waiting for stdout output
perf tools: Add external commands to list-cmds
perf docs: Add perf-iostat link to manpages
perf session: Remap buf if there is no space for event
perf bench: Fix epoll bench to correct usage of affinity for machines with #CPUs > 1K
perf bench: Fix futex bench to correct usage of affinity for machines with #CPUs > 1K
perf tools: Fix perf's libperf_print callback
perf: arm-spe: Fix perf report --mem-mode
perf unwind: Don't show unwind error messages when augmenting frame pointer stack
tools headers arm64: Sync arm64's cputype.h with the kernel sources
perf test tsc: Fix error message when not supported
perf build: Don't use -ffat-lto-objects in the python feature test when building with clang-13
perf python: Fix probing for some clang command line options
tools build: Filter out options and warnings not supported by clang
tools build: Use $(shell ) instead of `` to get embedded libperl's ccopts
tools include UAPI: Sync linux/vhost.h with the kernel sources
Merge tag 'cxl+nvdimm-for-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull cxl and nvdimm fixes from Dan Williams:
- Fix a compile error in the nvdimm unit tests
- Fix a shadowed variable warning in the CXL PCI driver
* tag 'cxl+nvdimm-for-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
cxl/pci: Drop shadowed variable
tools/testing/nvdimm: Fix security_init() symbol collision
Merge tag 'gpio-fixes-for-v5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux
Pull gpio fix from Bartosz Golaszewski:
- fix a race condition with consumers accessing the fields of GPIO IRQ
chips before they're fully initialized
* tag 'gpio-fixes-for-v5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux:
gpio: Restrict usage of GPIO chip irq members before initialization
Ian Rogers [Thu, 7 Apr 2022 23:04:59 +0000 (16:04 -0700)]
perf annotate: Drop objdump stderr to avoid getting stuck waiting for stdout output
If objdump writes to stderr it can block waiting for it to be read. As
perf doesn't read stderr then progress stops with perf waiting for
stdout output.
Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Alexandre Truong <alexandre.truong@arm.com> Cc: Dave Marchevsky <davemarchevsky@fb.com> Cc: Denis Nikitin <denik@chromium.org> Cc: German Gomez <german.gomez@arm.com> Cc: James Clark <james.clark@arm.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Lexi Shao <shaolexi@huawei.com> Cc: Li Huafei <lihuafei1@huawei.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Martin Liška <mliska@suse.cz> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Mathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org> Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@amd.com> Cc: Remi Bernon <rbernon@codeweavers.com> Cc: Riccardo Mancini <rickyman7@gmail.com> Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Cc: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: William Cohen <wcohen@redhat.com> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220407230503.1265036-2-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Michael Petlan [Mon, 4 Apr 2022 22:15:41 +0000 (00:15 +0200)]
perf tools: Add external commands to list-cmds
The `perf --list-cmds` output prints only internal commands, although
there is no reason for that from users' perspective.
Adding the external commands to commands array with NULL function
pointer allows printing all perf commands while not changing the logic
of command handler selection.
perf bench: Fix epoll bench to correct usage of affinity for machines with #CPUs > 1K
The 'perf bench epoll' testcase fails on systems with more than 1K CPUs.
Testcase: perf bench epoll all
Result snippet:
<<>>
Run summary [PID 106497]: 1399 threads monitoring on 64 file-descriptors for 8 secs.
perf: pthread_create: No such file or directory
<<>>
In epoll benchmarks (ctl, wait) pthread_create is invoked in do_threads
from respective bench_epoll_* function. Though the logs shows direct
failure from pthread_create, the actual failure is from
"sched_setaffinity" returning EINVAL (invalid argument).
This happens because the default mask size in glibc is 1024. To overcome
this 1024 CPUs mask size limitation of cpu_set_t, change the mask size
using the CPU_*_S macros.
Patch addresses this by fixing all the epoll benchmarks to use CPU_ALLOC
to allocate cpumask, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE for size, and CPU_SET_S to set the
mask.
perf: pthread_create: No such file or directory
<<>>
All the futex benchmarks (ie hash, lock-api, requeue, wake,
wake-parallel), pthread_create is invoked in respective bench_futex_*
function. Though the logs shows direct failure from pthread_create,
strace logs showed that actual failure is from "sched_setaffinity"
returning EINVAL (invalid argument).
This happens because the default mask size in glibc is 1024. To overcome
this 1024 CPUs mask size limitation of cpu_set_t, change the mask size
using the CPU_*_S macros.
Patch addresses this by fixing all the futex benchmarks to use CPU_ALLOC
to allocate cpumask, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE for size, and CPU_SET_S to set the
mask.
James Clark [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 14:40:56 +0000 (15:40 +0100)]
perf: arm-spe: Fix perf report --mem-mode
Since commit bb30acae4c4dacfa ("perf report: Bail out --mem-mode if mem
info is not available") "perf mem report" and "perf report --mem-mode"
don't allow opening the file unless one of the events has
PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC set.
SPE doesn't have this set even though synthetic memory data is generated
after it is decoded. Fix this issue by setting DATA_SRC on SPE events.
This has no effect on the data collected because the SPE driver doesn't
do anything with that flag and doesn't generate samples.
Fixes: bb30acae4c4dacfa ("perf report: Bail out --mem-mode if mem info is not available") Signed-off-by: James Clark <james.clark@arm.com> Tested-by: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: German Gomez <german.gomez@arm.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Mathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org> Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220408144056.1955535-1-james.clark@arm.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
James Clark [Wed, 6 Apr 2022 14:56:51 +0000 (15:56 +0100)]
perf unwind: Don't show unwind error messages when augmenting frame pointer stack
Commit Fixes: b9f6fbb3b2c29736 ("perf arm64: Inject missing frames when
using 'perf record --call-graph=fp'") intended to add a 'best effort'
DWARF unwind that improved the frame pointer stack in most scenarios.
It's expected that the unwind will fail sometimes, but this shouldn't be
reported as an error. It only works when the return address can be
determined from the contents of the link register alone.
Fix the error shown when the unwinder requires extra registers by adding
a new flag that suppresses error messages. This flag is not set in the
normal --call-graph=dwarf unwind mode so that behavior is not changed.
Fixes: b9f6fbb3b2c29736 ("perf arm64: Inject missing frames when using 'perf record --call-graph=fp'") Reported-by: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: James Clark <james.clark@arm.com> Tested-by: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Alexandre Truong <alexandre.truong@arm.com> Cc: German Gomez <german.gomez@arm.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220406145651.1392529-1-james.clark@arm.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
tools headers arm64: Sync arm64's cputype.h with the kernel sources
To get the changes in:
83bea32ac7ed37bb ("arm64: Add part number for Arm Cortex-A78AE")
That addresses this perf build warning:
Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/arch/arm64/include/asm/cputype.h' differs from latest version at 'arch/arm64/include/asm/cputype.h'
diff -u tools/arch/arm64/include/asm/cputype.h arch/arm64/include/asm/cputype.h
Cc: Ali Saidi <alisaidi@amazon.com> Cc: Andrew Kilroy <andrew.kilroy@arm.com> Cc: Chanho Park <chanho61.park@samsung.com> Cc: German Gomez <german.gomez@arm.com> Cc: James Clark <james.clark@arm.com> Cc: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/ Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Chengdong Li [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 08:47:48 +0000 (16:47 +0800)]
perf test tsc: Fix error message when not supported
By default `perf test tsc` does not return the error message when the
child process detected kernel does not support it. Instead, the child
process prints an error message to stderr, unfortunately stderr is
redirected to /dev/null when verbose <= 0.
This patch does:
- return TEST_SKIP to the parent process instead of TEST_OK when
perf_read_tsc_conversion() is not supported.
- Add a new subtest of testing if TSC is supported on current
architecture by moving exist code to a separate function.
It avoids two places in test__perf_time_to_tsc() that return
TEST_SKIP by doing this.
- Extend the test suite definition to contain above two subtests.
Current test_suite and test_case structs do not support printing skip
reason when the number of subtest less than 1. To print skip reason, it
is necessary to extend current test suite definition.
Reviewed-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Chengdong Li <chengdongli@tencent.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: likexu@tencent.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220408084748.43707-1-chengdongli@tencent.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
perf build: Don't use -ffat-lto-objects in the python feature test when building with clang-13
Using -ffat-lto-objects in the python feature test when building with
clang-13 results in:
clang-13: error: optimization flag '-ffat-lto-objects' is not supported [-Werror,-Wignored-optimization-argument]
error: command '/usr/sbin/clang' failed with exit code 1
cp: cannot stat '/tmp/build/perf/python_ext_build/lib/perf*.so': No such file or directory
make[2]: *** [Makefile.perf:639: /tmp/build/perf/python/perf.so] Error 1
Noticed when building on a docker.io/library/archlinux:base container.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> Cc: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: John Keeping <john@metanate.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
perf python: Fix probing for some clang command line options
The clang compiler complains about some options even without a source
file being available, while others require one, so use the simple
tools/build/feature/test-hello.c file.
Then check for the "is not supported" string in its output, in addition
to the "unknown argument" already being looked for.
This was noticed when building with clang-13 where -ffat-lto-objects
isn't supported and since we were looking just for "unknown argument"
and not providing a source code to clang, was mistakenly assumed as
being available and not being filtered to set of command line options
provided to clang, leading to a build failure.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> Cc: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: John Keeping <john@metanate.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/ Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
tools build: Filter out options and warnings not supported by clang
These make the feature check fail when using clang, so remove them just
like is done in tools/perf/Makefile.config to build perf itself.
Adding -Wno-compound-token-split-by-macro to tools/perf/Makefile.config
when building with clang is also necessary to avoid these warnings
turned into errors (-Werror):
CC /tmp/build/perf/util/scripting-engines/trace-event-perl.o
In file included from util/scripting-engines/trace-event-perl.c:35:
In file included from /usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/perl.h:4085:
In file included from /usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/hv.h:659:
In file included from /usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/hv_func.h:34:
In file included from /usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/sbox32_hash.h:4:
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:150:5: error: '(' and '{' tokens introducing statement expression appear in different macro expansion contexts [-Werror,-Wcompound-token-split-by-macro]
ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32(state[0],0x9fade23b);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:80:38: note: expanded from macro 'ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32'
#define ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32(v,prime) STMT_START { \
^~~~~~~~~~
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/perl.h:737:29: note: expanded from macro 'STMT_START'
# define STMT_START (void)( /* gcc supports "({ STATEMENTS; })" */
^
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:150:5: note: '{' token is here
ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32(state[0],0x9fade23b);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:80:49: note: expanded from macro 'ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32'
#define ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32(v,prime) STMT_START { \
^
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:150:5: error: '}' and ')' tokens terminating statement expression appear in different macro expansion contexts [-Werror,-Wcompound-token-split-by-macro]
ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32(state[0],0x9fade23b);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:87:41: note: expanded from macro 'ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32'
v ^= (v>>23); \
^
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:150:5: note: ')' token is here
ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32(state[0],0x9fade23b);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/zaphod32_hash.h:88:3: note: expanded from macro 'ZAPHOD32_SCRAMBLE32'
} STMT_END
^~~~~~~~
/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/perl.h:738:21: note: expanded from macro 'STMT_END'
# define STMT_END )
^
Please refer to the discussion on the Link: tag below, where Nathan
clarifies the situation:
<quote>
acme> And then get to the problems at the end of this message, which seem
acme> similar to the problem described here:
acme>
acme> From Nathan Chancellor <>
acme> Subject [PATCH] mwifiex: Remove unnecessary braces from HostCmd_SET_SEQ_NO_BSS_INFO
acme>
acme> https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/9/1/135
acme>
acme> So perhaps in this case its better to disable that
acme> -Werror,-Wcompound-token-split-by-macro when building with clang?
Yes, I think that is probably the best solution. As far as I can tell,
at least in this file and context, the warning appears harmless, as the
"create a GNU C statement expression from two different macros" is very
much intentional, based on the presence of PERL_USE_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS.
The warning is fixed in upstream Perl by just avoiding creating GNU C
statement expressions using STMT_START and STMT_END:
If I am reading the source code correctly, an alternative to disabling
the warning would be specifying -DPERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN but it
seems like that might end up impacting more than just this site,
according to the issue discussion above.
</quote>
Based-on-a-patch-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # Debian/Selfmade LLVM-14 (x86-64) Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> Cc: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: John Keeping <john@metanate.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Michael Petlan <mpetlan@redhat.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/YkxWcYzph5pC1EK8@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
tools include UAPI: Sync linux/vhost.h with the kernel sources
To get the changes in:
b04d910af330b55e ("vdpa: support exposing the count of vqs to userspace") a61280ddddaa45f9 ("vdpa: support exposing the config size to userspace")
Silencing this perf build warning:
Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/vhost.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/vhost.h'
diff -u tools/include/uapi/linux/vhost.h include/uapi/linux/vhost.h
$ diff -u tools/include/uapi/linux/vhost.h include/uapi/linux/vhost.h
--- tools/include/uapi/linux/vhost.h 2021-07-15 16:17:01.840818309 -0300
+++ include/uapi/linux/vhost.h 2022-04-02 18:55:05.702522387 -0300
@@ -150,4 +150,11 @@
/* Get the valid iova range */
#define VHOST_VDPA_GET_IOVA_RANGE _IOR(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x78, \
struct vhost_vdpa_iova_range)
+
+/* Get the config size */
+#define VHOST_VDPA_GET_CONFIG_SIZE _IOR(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x79, __u32)
+
+/* Get the count of all virtqueues */
+#define VHOST_VDPA_GET_VQS_COUNT _IOR(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x80, __u32)
+
#endif
$ tools/perf/trace/beauty/vhost_virtio_ioctl.sh > before
$ cp include/uapi/linux/vhost.h tools/include/uapi/linux/vhost.h
$ tools/perf/trace/beauty/vhost_virtio_ioctl.sh > after
$ diff -u before after
--- before 2022-04-04 14:52:25.036375145 -0300
+++ after 2022-04-04 14:52:31.906549976 -0300
@@ -38,4 +38,6 @@
[0x73] = "VDPA_GET_CONFIG",
[0x76] = "VDPA_GET_VRING_NUM",
[0x78] = "VDPA_GET_IOVA_RANGE",
+ [0x79] = "VDPA_GET_CONFIG_SIZE",
+ [0x80] = "VDPA_GET_VQS_COUNT",
};
$
Merge tag 'block-5.18-2022-04-08' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe:
"Nothing major in here, just a few small fixes:
- Small series of neglected drbd patches (Christoph, Lv, Xiaomeng)
- Remove dead variable in cdrom (Enze)"
* tag 'block-5.18-2022-04-08' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
drbd: set QUEUE_FLAG_STABLE_WRITES
drbd: fix an invalid memory access caused by incorrect use of list iterator
drbd: Fix five use after free bugs in get_initial_state
cdrom: remove unused variable
Merge tag 'io_uring-5.18-2022-04-08' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull io_uring fixes from Jens Axboe:
"A bit bigger than usual post merge window, largely due to a revert and
a fix of at what point files are assigned for requests.
The latter fixing a linked request use case where a dependent link can
rely on what file is assigned consistently.
Summary:
- 32-bit compat fix for IORING_REGISTER_IOWQ_AFF (Eugene)
- File assignment fixes (me)
- Revert of the NAPI poll addition from this merge window. The author
isn't available right now to engage on this, so let's revert it and
we can retry for the 5.19 release (me, Jakub)
- Fix a timeout removal race (me)
- File update and SCM fixes (Pavel)"
* tag 'io_uring-5.18-2022-04-08' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
io_uring: fix race between timeout flush and removal
io_uring: use nospec annotation for more indexes
io_uring: zero tag on rsrc removal
io_uring: don't touch scm_fp_list after queueing skb
io_uring: nospec index for tags on files update
io_uring: implement compat handling for IORING_REGISTER_IOWQ_AFF
Revert "io_uring: Add support for napi_busy_poll"
io_uring: drop the old style inflight file tracking
io_uring: defer file assignment
io_uring: propagate issue_flags state down to file assignment
io_uring: move read/write file prep state into actual opcode handler
io_uring: defer splice/tee file validity check until command issue
io_uring: don't check req->file in io_fsync_prep()
Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rdma/rdma
Pull rdma fixes from Jason Gunthorpe:
"Several bug fixes for old bugs:
- Welcome Leon as co-maintainer for RDMA so we are back to having two
people
- Some corner cases are fixed in mlx5's MR code
- Long standing CM bug where a DREQ at the wrong time can result in a
long timeout
- Missing locking and refcounting in hf1"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rdma/rdma:
RDMA/hfi1: Fix use-after-free bug for mm struct
IB/rdmavt: add lock to call to rvt_error_qp to prevent a race condition
IB/cm: Cancel mad on the DREQ event when the state is MRA_REP_RCVD
RDMA/mlx5: Add a missing update of cache->last_add
RDMA/mlx5: Don't remove cache MRs when a delay is needed
MAINTAINERS: Update qib and hfi1 related drivers
MAINTAINERS: Add Leon Romanovsky to RDMA maintainers
Merge tag 'acpi-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull ACPI updates from Rafael Wysocki:
"These revert a problematic commit from the 5.17 development cycle and
finalize the elimination of acpi_bus_get_device() that mostly took
place during the recent merge window.
Specifics:
- Revert an ACPI processor driver change related to cache
invalidation in acpi_idle_play_dead() that clearly was a mistake
and introduced user-visible regressions (Akihiko Odaki).
- Replace the last instance of acpi_bus_get_device() added during the
recent merge window and drop the function to prevent more users of
it from being added (Rafael Wysocki)"
* tag 'acpi-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm:
ACPI: bus: Eliminate acpi_bus_get_device()
Revert "ACPI: processor: idle: Only flush cache on entering C3"
Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-kunit-fixes-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest
Pull KUnit fix from Shuah Khan:
"A single documentation fix to incorrect and outdated usage
information"
* tag 'linux-kselftest-kunit-fixes-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest:
Documentation: kunit: fix path to .kunitconfig in start.rst
Subsystems affected by this patch series: mm (migration, highmem,
sparsemem, mremap, mempolicy, and memcg), lz4, mailmap, and
MAINTAINERS"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>:
MAINTAINERS: add Tom as clang reviewer
mm/list_lru.c: revert "mm/list_lru: optimize memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()"
mailmap: update Vasily Averin's email address
mm/mempolicy: fix mpol_new leak in shared_policy_replace
mmmremap.c: avoid pointless invalidate_range_start/end on mremap(old_size=0)
mm/sparsemem: fix 'mem_section' will never be NULL gcc 12 warning
lz4: fix LZ4_decompress_safe_partial read out of bound
highmem: fix checks in __kmap_local_sched_{in,out}
mm: migrate: use thp_order instead of HPAGE_PMD_ORDER for new page allocation.
Commit 405cc51fc104 ("mm/list_lru: optimize memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()")
has subtle races which are proving ugly to fix. Revert the original
optimization. If quantitative testing indicates that we have a
significant problem here then other implementations can be looked at.
Fixes: 405cc51fc104 ("mm/list_lru: optimize memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()") Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Miaohe Lin [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 20:09:07 +0000 (13:09 -0700)]
mm/mempolicy: fix mpol_new leak in shared_policy_replace
If mpol_new is allocated but not used in restart loop, mpol_new will be
freed via mpol_put before returning to the caller. But refcnt is not
initialized yet, so mpol_put could not do the right things and might
leak the unused mpol_new. This would happen if mempolicy was updated on
the shared shmem file while the sp->lock has been dropped during the
memory allocation.
This issue could be triggered easily with the below code snippet if
there are many processes doing the below work at the same time:
Paolo Bonzini [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 20:09:04 +0000 (13:09 -0700)]
mmmremap.c: avoid pointless invalidate_range_start/end on mremap(old_size=0)
If an mremap() syscall with old_size=0 ends up in move_page_tables(), it
will call invalidate_range_start()/invalidate_range_end() unnecessarily,
i.e. with an empty range.
This causes a WARN in KVM's mmu_notifier. In the past, empty ranges
have been diagnosed to be off-by-one bugs, hence the WARNing. Given the
low (so far) number of unique reports, the benefits of detecting more
buggy callers seem to outweigh the cost of having to fix cases such as
this one, where userspace is doing something silly. In this particular
case, an early return from move_page_tables() is enough to fix the
issue.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220329173155.172439-1-pbonzini@redhat.com Reported-by: syzbot+6bde52d89cfdf9f61425@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In the !CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_EXTREME case, mem_section is a static
2-dimensional array and so the check "!mem_section[SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(nr)]"
doesn't make sense.
Fix this warning by moving the "!mem_section[SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(nr)]"
check up inside the CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_EXTREME block and adding an
explicit NR_SECTION_ROOTS check to make sure that there is no
out-of-bound array access.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220331180246.2746210-1-longman@redhat.com Fixes: 3e347261a80b ("sparsemem extreme implementation") Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Reported-by: Justin Forbes <jforbes@redhat.com> Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
lz4: fix LZ4_decompress_safe_partial read out of bound
When partialDecoding, it is EOF if we've either filled the output buffer
or can't proceed with reading an offset for following match.
In some extreme corner cases when compressed data is suitably corrupted,
UAF will occur. As reported by KASAN [1], LZ4_decompress_safe_partial
may lead to read out of bound problem during decoding. lz4 upstream has
fixed it [2] and this issue has been disscussed here [3] before.
current decompression routine was ported from lz4 v1.8.3, bumping
lib/lz4 to v1.9.+ is certainly a huge work to be done later, so, we'd
better fix it first.
Max Filippov [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 20:08:55 +0000 (13:08 -0700)]
highmem: fix checks in __kmap_local_sched_{in,out}
When CONFIG_DEBUG_KMAP_LOCAL is enabled __kmap_local_sched_{in,out} check
that even slots in the tsk->kmap_ctrl.pteval are unmapped. The slots are
initialized with 0 value, but the check is done with pte_none. 0 pte
however does not necessarily mean that pte_none will return true. e.g.
on xtensa it returns false, resulting in the following runtime warnings:
Zi Yan [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 20:08:52 +0000 (13:08 -0700)]
mm: migrate: use thp_order instead of HPAGE_PMD_ORDER for new page allocation.
Fix a VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_nr_pages(old) != nr_pages) crash.
With folios support, it is possible to have other than HPAGE_PMD_ORDER
THPs, in the form of folios, in the system. Use thp_order() to correctly
determine the source page order during migration.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220404165325.1883267-1-zi.yan@sent.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20220404132908.GA785673@u2004/ Fixes: d68eccad3706 ("mm/filemap: Allow large folios to be added to the page cache") Reported-by: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
io_uring: fix race between timeout flush and removal
io_flush_timeouts() assumes the timeout isn't in progress of triggering
or being removed/canceled, so it unconditionally removes it from the
timeout list and attempts to cancel it.
Leave it on the list and let the normal timeout cancelation take care
of it.
Dan Williams [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 19:58:44 +0000 (12:58 -0700)]
cxl/pci: Drop shadowed variable
0day reports that wait_for_media_ready() declares an @rc variable twice.
>> drivers/cxl/pci.c:439:7: warning: Local variable 'rc' shadows outer variable [shadowVariable]
int rc;
^
drivers/cxl/pci.c:431:6: note: Shadowed declaration
int rc, i;
^
drivers/cxl/pci.c:439:7: note: Shadow variable
int rc;
^
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Fixes: 523e594d9cc0 ("cxl/pci: Implement wait for media active") Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164944636936.455177.14136200464724208233.stgit@dwillia2-desk3.amr.corp.intel.com Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Dan Williams [Mon, 4 Apr 2022 03:19:46 +0000 (20:19 -0700)]
tools/testing/nvdimm: Fix security_init() symbol collision
Starting with the new perf-event support in the nvdimm core, the
nfit_test mock module stops compiling. Rename its security_init() to
nfit_security_init().
tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c:1845:13: error: conflicting types for ‘security_init’; have ‘void(struct nfit_test *)’
1845 | static void security_init(struct nfit_test *t)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from ./include/linux/perf_event.h:61,
from ./include/linux/nd.h:11,
from ./drivers/nvdimm/nd-core.h:11,
from tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c:19:
Douglas Miller [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 13:35:23 +0000 (09:35 -0400)]
RDMA/hfi1: Fix use-after-free bug for mm struct
Under certain conditions, such as MPI_Abort, the hfi1 cleanup code may
represent the last reference held on the task mm.
hfi1_mmu_rb_unregister() then drops the last reference and the mm is freed
before the final use in hfi1_release_user_pages(). A new task may
allocate the mm structure while it is still being used, resulting in
problems. One manifestation is corruption of the mmap_sem counter leading
to a hang in down_write(). Another is corruption of an mm struct that is
in use by another task.
Fixes: 3d2a9d642512 ("IB/hfi1: Ensure correct mm is used at all times") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220408133523.122165.72975.stgit@awfm-01.cornelisnetworks.com Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Douglas Miller <doug.miller@cornelisnetworks.com> Signed-off-by: Dennis Dalessandro <dennis.dalessandro@cornelisnetworks.com> Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Merge tag 'nfs-for-5.18-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs
Pull NFS client fixes from Trond Myklebust:
"Stable fixes:
- SUNRPC: Ensure we flush any closed sockets before xs_xprt_free()
Bugfixes:
- Fix an Oopsable condition due to SLAB_ACCOUNT setting in the
NFSv4.2 xattr code.
- Fix for open() using an file open mode of '3' in NFSv4
- Replace readdir's use of xxhash() with hash_64()
- Several patches to handle malloc() failure in SUNRPC"
* tag 'nfs-for-5.18-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs:
SUNRPC: Move the call to xprt_send_pagedata() out of xprt_sock_sendmsg()
SUNRPC: svc_tcp_sendmsg() should handle errors from xdr_alloc_bvec()
SUNRPC: Handle allocation failure in rpc_new_task()
NFS: Ensure rpc_run_task() cannot fail in nfs_async_rename()
NFSv4/pnfs: Handle RPC allocation errors in nfs4_proc_layoutget
SUNRPC: Handle low memory situations in call_status()
SUNRPC: Handle ENOMEM in call_transmit_status()
NFSv4.2: Fix missing removal of SLAB_ACCOUNT on kmem_cache allocation
SUNRPC: Ensure we flush any closed sockets before xs_xprt_free()
NFS: Replace readdir's use of xxhash() with hash_64()
SUNRPC: handle malloc failure in ->request_prepare
NFSv4: fix open failure with O_ACCMODE flag
Revert "NFSv4: Handle the special Linux file open access mode"
Merge tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 fixes from Will Deacon:
"The two main things to note are:
(1) The bulk of the diffstat is us reverting a horrible bodge we had
in place to ease the merging of maple tree during the merge
window (which turned out not to be needed, but anyway)
(2) The TLB invalidation fix is done in core code, as suggested by
(and Acked-by) Peter.
Summary:
- Revert temporary bodge in MTE coredumping to ease maple tree integration
- Fix stack frame size warning reported with 64k pages
- Fix stop_machine() race with instruction text patching
- Ensure alternatives patching routines are not instrumented
- Enable Spectre-BHB mitigation for Cortex-A78AE
- Fix hugetlb TLB invalidation when contiguous hint is used
- Minor perf driver fixes
- Fix some typos"
* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
perf/imx_ddr: Fix undefined behavior due to shift overflowing the constant
arm64: Add part number for Arm Cortex-A78AE
arm64: patch_text: Fixup last cpu should be master
tlb: hugetlb: Add more sizes to tlb_remove_huge_tlb_entry
arm64: alternatives: mark patch_alternative() as `noinstr`
perf: MARVELL_CN10K_DDR_PMU should depend on ARCH_THUNDER
perf: qcom_l2_pmu: fix an incorrect NULL check on list iterator
arm64: Fix comments in macro __init_el2_gicv3
arm64: fix typos in comments
arch/arm64: Fix topology initialization for core scheduling
arm64: mte: Fix the stack frame size warning in mte_dump_tag_range()
Revert "arm64: Change elfcore for_each_mte_vma() to use VMA iterator"
Merge tag 'folio-5.18e' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache
Pull folio fixes from Matthew Wilcox:
"Fewer bug reports than I was expecting from enabling large folios.
One that doesn't show up on x86 but does on arm64, one that shows up
with hugetlbfs memory failure testing and one that shows up with page
migration, which it turns out I wasn't testing because my last NUMA
machine died. Need to set up a qemu fake NUMA machine so I don't skip
testing that in future.
Summary:
- Remove the migration code's assumptions about large pages being PMD
sized
- Don't call pmd_page() on a non-leaf PMD
- Fix handling of hugetlbfs pages in page_vma_mapped_walk"
* tag 'folio-5.18e' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache:
mm/rmap: Fix handling of hugetlbfs pages in page_vma_mapped_walk
mm/mempolicy: Use vma_alloc_folio() in new_page()
mm: Add vma_alloc_folio()
mm/migrate: Use a folio in migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
mm/migrate: Use a folio in alloc_migration_target()
mm/huge_memory: Avoid calling pmd_page() on a non-leaf PMD
Merge tag 'spi-fix-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi
Pull spi fixes from Mark Brown:
"A small collection of fixes that have arrived since the merge window,
the most noticable one is a fix for unmapping messages when the
mapping was done with the struct device supplied to do the mapping
overridden"
* tag 'spi-fix-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi:
spi: bcm-qspi: fix MSPI only access with bcm_qspi_exec_mem_op()
spi: cadence-quadspi: fix protocol setup for non-1-1-X operations
spi: core: add dma_map_dev for __spi_unmap_msg()
spi: mxic: Fix an error handling path in mxic_spi_probe()
spi: rpc-if: Fix RPM imbalance in probe error path
Merge tag 'regulator-fix-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regulator
Pull regulator fixes from Mark Brown:
"A few small driver specific fixes for v5.18, plus an update to the
MAINTAINERS file"
* tag 'regulator-fix-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regulator:
MAINTAINERS: Fix reviewer info for a few ROHM ICs
regulator: atc260x: Fix missing active_discharge_on setting
regulator: rtq2134: Fix missing active_discharge_on setting
regulator: wm8994: Add an off-on delay for WM8994 variant
Merge tag 'mmc-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ulfh/mmc
Pull MMC updates from Ulf Hansson:
"MMC core:
- Improve API to make it clear that mmc_hw_reset() is for cards
- Fixup support for writeback-cache for eMMC and SD
- Check for errors after writes on SPI
MMC host:
- renesas_sdhi: A couple of fixes of TAP settings for eMMC HS400 mode
- mmci_stm32: Fixup check of all elements in sg list
- sdhci-xenon: Revert unnecessary fix for annoying 1.8V regulator warning"
* tag 'mmc-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ulfh/mmc:
mmc: core: improve API to make clear mmc_hw_reset is for cards
mmc: renesas_sdhi: don't overwrite TAP settings when HS400 tuning is complete
mmc: renesas_sdhi: special 4tap settings only apply to HS400
mmc: core: Fixup support for writeback-cache for eMMC and SD
mmc: block: Check for errors after write on SPI
mmc: mmci: stm32: correctly check all elements of sg list
Revert "mmc: sdhci-xenon: fix annoying 1.8V regulator warning"
Merge tag 'iommu-fix-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu
Pull iommu fix from Joerg Roedel:
- Fix boot regression due to a NULL-ptr dereference on OMAP machines
* tag 'iommu-fix-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu:
iommu/omap: Fix regression in probe for NULL pointer dereference
perf/imx_ddr: Fix undefined behavior due to shift overflowing the constant
Fix:
In file included from <command-line>:0:0:
In function ‘ddr_perf_counter_enable’,
inlined from ‘ddr_perf_irq_handler’ at drivers/perf/fsl_imx8_ddr_perf.c:651:2:
././include/linux/compiler_types.h:352:38: error: call to ‘__compiletime_assert_729’ \
declared with attribute error: FIELD_PREP: mask is not constant
_compiletime_assert(condition, msg, __compiletime_assert_, __COUNTER__)
...
See https://lore.kernel.org/r/YkwQ6%2BtIH8GQpuct@zn.tnic for the gory
details as to why it triggers with older gccs only.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Cc: Frank Li <Frank.li@nxp.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Shawn Guo <shawnguo@kernel.org> Cc: Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de> Cc: Pengutronix Kernel Team <kernel@pengutronix.de> Cc: Fabio Estevam <festevam@gmail.com> Cc: NXP Linux Team <linux-imx@nxp.com> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220405151517.29753-10-bp@alien8.de Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Matti Vaittinen [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 08:32:00 +0000 (11:32 +0300)]
MAINTAINERS: Fix reviewer info for a few ROHM ICs
The email backend used by ROHM keeps labeling patches as spam.
Additionally, there have been reports of some emails been completely
dropped. Finally also the email list (or shared inbox)
linux-power@fi.rohmeurope.com inadvertly stopped working and has not
been reviwed during the past few weeks.
Remove no longer working list 'linux-power' list-entry and switch my
email to use the personal gmail account instead of the company account.
arm64: patch_text: Fixup last cpu should be master
These patch_text implementations are using stop_machine_cpuslocked
infrastructure with atomic cpu_count. The original idea: When the
master CPU patch_text, the others should wait for it. But current
implementation is using the first CPU as master, which couldn't
guarantee the remaining CPUs are waiting. This patch changes the
last CPU as the master to solve the potential risk.
Tony Lindgren [Thu, 31 Mar 2022 06:23:01 +0000 (09:23 +0300)]
iommu/omap: Fix regression in probe for NULL pointer dereference
Commit 3f6634d997db ("iommu: Use right way to retrieve iommu_ops") started
triggering a NULL pointer dereference for some omap variants:
__iommu_probe_device from probe_iommu_group+0x2c/0x38
probe_iommu_group from bus_for_each_dev+0x74/0xbc
bus_for_each_dev from bus_iommu_probe+0x34/0x2e8
bus_iommu_probe from bus_set_iommu+0x80/0xc8
bus_set_iommu from omap_iommu_init+0x88/0xcc
omap_iommu_init from do_one_initcall+0x44/0x24
This is caused by omap iommu probe returning 0 instead of ERR_PTR(-ENODEV)
as noted by Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>.
Looks like the regression already happened with an earlier commit 6785eb9105e3 ("iommu/omap: Convert to probe/release_device() call-backs")
that changed the function return type and missed converting one place.
Cc: Drew Fustini <dfustini@baylibre.com> Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com> Cc: Suman Anna <s-anna@ti.com> Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Fixes: 6785eb9105e3 ("iommu/omap: Convert to probe/release_device() call-backs") Fixes: 3f6634d997db ("iommu: Use right way to retrieve iommu_ops") Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com> Tested-by: Drew Fustini <dfustini@baylibre.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220331062301.24269-1-tony@atomide.com Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Wolfram Sang [Fri, 8 Apr 2022 08:00:42 +0000 (10:00 +0200)]
mmc: core: improve API to make clear mmc_hw_reset is for cards
To make it unambiguous that mmc_hw_reset() is for cards and not for
controllers, we make the function argument mmc_card instead of mmc_host.
Also, all users are converted.
imx:
- Catch an EDID allocation failure in imx-ldb
- fix a leaked drm display mode on DT parsing error in parallel-display
- properly remove the dw_hdmi bridge in case the component_add fails in dw_hdmi-imx
- fix the IPU clock frequency debug printout in ipu-di"
* tag 'drm-fixes-2022-04-08' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm: (61 commits)
dt-bindings: display: panel: mipi-dbi-spi: Make width-mm/height-mm mandatory
fbdev: Fix unregistering of framebuffers without device
drm/amdgpu/smu10: fix SoC/fclk units in auto mode
drm/amd/display: update dcn315 clock table read
drm/amdgpu/display: change pipe policy for DCN 2.1
drm/amd/display: Add configuration options for AUX wake work around.
drm/amd/display: remove assert for odm transition case
drm/amdgpu: don't use BACO for reset in S3
drm/amd/display: Fix by adding FPU protection for dcn30_internal_validate_bw
drm/amdkfd: Create file descriptor after client is added to smi_clients list
drm/amdgpu: Sync up header and implementation to use the same parameter names
drm/amdgpu: fix incorrect GCR_GENERAL_CNTL address
amd/display: set backlight only if required
drm/amd/display: Fix allocate_mst_payload assert on resume
drm/amd/display: Revert FEC check in validation
drm/amd/display: Add work around for AUX failure on wake.
drm/amd/display: Clear optc false state when disable otg
drm/amd/display: Enable power gating before init_pipes
drm/amd/display: Remove redundant dsc power gating from init_hw
drm/amd/display: Correct Slice reset calculation
...
Merge tag '5.18-rc1-smb3-fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6
Pull cifs client fixes from Steve French:
- reconnect fixes: one for DFS and one to avoid a reconnect race
- small change to deal with upcoming behavior change of list iterators
* tag '5.18-rc1-smb3-fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
cifs: update internal module number
cifs: force new session setup and tcon for dfs
cifs: remove check of list iterator against head past the loop body
cifs: fix potential race with cifsd thread
- eth: ice:
- clear default forwarding VSI during VSI release
- fix broken IFF_ALLMULTI handling
- synchronize_rcu() when terminating rings
- eth: qede: confirm skb is allocated before using
- eth: aqc111: fix out-of-bounds accesses in RX fixup
- eth: slip: fix NPD bug in sl_tx_timeout()"
* tag 'net-5.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net: (61 commits)
drivers: net: slip: fix NPD bug in sl_tx_timeout()
bpf: Adjust bpf_tcp_check_syncookie selftest to test dual-stack sockets
bpf: Support dual-stack sockets in bpf_tcp_check_syncookie
myri10ge: fix an incorrect free for skb in myri10ge_sw_tso
net: usb: aqc111: Fix out-of-bounds accesses in RX fixup
qede: confirm skb is allocated before using
net: ipv6mr: fix unused variable warning with CONFIG_IPV6_PIMSM_V2=n
net: phy: mscc-miim: reject clause 45 register accesses
net: axiemac: use a phandle to reference pcs_phy
dt-bindings: net: add pcs-handle attribute
net: axienet: factor out phy_node in struct axienet_local
net: axienet: setup mdio unconditionally
net: sfc: fix using uninitialized xdp tx_queue
rxrpc: fix a race in rxrpc_exit_net()
net: openvswitch: fix leak of nested actions
net: ethernet: mv643xx: Fix over zealous checking of_get_mac_address()
net: openvswitch: don't send internal clone attribute to the userspace.
net: micrel: Fix KS8851 Kconfig
ice: clear cmd_type_offset_bsz for TX rings
ice: xsk: fix VSI state check in ice_xsk_wakeup()
...
Dave Airlie [Thu, 7 Apr 2022 23:22:07 +0000 (09:22 +1000)]
Merge tag 'drm-misc-fixes-2022-04-07' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm-misc into drm-fixes
drm-misc-fixes for v5.18-rc2:
- Fix a crash when booting with nouveau on tegra.
- Don't require input port for MIPI-DSI, and make width/height mandatory.
- Fix unregistering of framebuffers without device.
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