#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/hashtable.h>
#include <linux/interval_tree.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
#include <linux/xarray.h>
#include <asm/signal.h>
struct kvm_dirty_ring dirty_ring;
/*
- * The index of the most recently used memslot by this vCPU. It's ok
- * if this becomes stale due to memslot changes since we always check
- * it is a valid slot.
+ * The most recently used memslot by this vCPU and the slots generation
+ * for which it is valid.
+ * No wraparound protection is needed since generations won't overflow in
+ * thousands of years, even assuming 1M memslot operations per second.
*/
- int last_used_slot;
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *last_used_slot;
+ u64 last_used_slot_gen;
};
/* must be called with irqs disabled */
*/
#define KVM_MEM_MAX_NR_PAGES ((1UL << 31) - 1)
+/*
+ * Since at idle each memslot belongs to two memslot sets it has to contain
+ * two embedded nodes for each data structure that it forms a part of.
+ *
+ * Two memslot sets (one active and one inactive) are necessary so the VM
+ * continues to run on one memslot set while the other is being modified.
+ *
+ * These two memslot sets normally point to the same set of memslots.
+ * They can, however, be desynchronized when performing a memslot management
+ * operation by replacing the memslot to be modified by its copy.
+ * After the operation is complete, both memslot sets once again point to
+ * the same, common set of memslot data.
+ *
+ * The memslots themselves are independent of each other so they can be
+ * individually added or deleted.
+ */
struct kvm_memory_slot {
- struct hlist_node id_node;
- struct interval_tree_node hva_node;
+ struct hlist_node id_node[2];
+ struct interval_tree_node hva_node[2];
+ struct rb_node gfn_node[2];
gfn_t base_gfn;
unsigned long npages;
unsigned long *dirty_bitmap;
}
#endif
-/*
- * Note:
- * memslots are not sorted by id anymore, please use id_to_memslot()
- * to get the memslot by its id.
- */
struct kvm_memslots {
u64 generation;
+ atomic_long_t last_used_slot;
struct rb_root_cached hva_tree;
+ struct rb_root gfn_tree;
/*
- * The mapping table from slot id to the index in memslots[].
+ * The mapping table from slot id to memslot.
*
* 7-bit bucket count matches the size of the old id to index array for
* 512 slots, while giving good performance with this slot count.
* always result in higher memory usage (even for lower memslot counts).
*/
DECLARE_HASHTABLE(id_hash, 7);
- atomic_t last_used_slot;
- int used_slots;
- struct kvm_memory_slot memslots[];
+ int node_idx;
};
struct kvm {
struct mutex slots_arch_lock;
struct mm_struct *mm; /* userspace tied to this vm */
unsigned long nr_memslot_pages;
+ /* The two memslot sets - active and inactive (per address space) */
+ struct kvm_memslots __memslots[KVM_ADDRESS_SPACE_NUM][2];
+ /* The current active memslot set for each address space */
struct kvm_memslots __rcu *memslots[KVM_ADDRESS_SPACE_NUM];
struct xarray vcpu_array;
return NULL;
}
-#define kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, slots) \
- for (memslot = &slots->memslots[0]; \
- memslot < slots->memslots + slots->used_slots; memslot++) \
- if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!memslot->npages)) { \
- } else
+static inline int kvm_vcpu_get_idx(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu->vcpu_idx;
+}
void kvm_destroy_vcpus(struct kvm *kvm);
return __kvm_memslots(vcpu->kvm, as_id);
}
+static inline bool kvm_memslots_empty(struct kvm_memslots *slots)
+{
+ return RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&slots->gfn_tree);
+}
+
+#define kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, bkt, slots) \
+ hash_for_each(slots->id_hash, bkt, memslot, id_node[slots->node_idx]) \
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!memslot->npages)) { \
+ } else
+
static inline
struct kvm_memory_slot *id_to_memslot(struct kvm_memslots *slots, int id)
{
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
+ int idx = slots->node_idx;
- hash_for_each_possible(slots->id_hash, slot, id_node, id) {
+ hash_for_each_possible(slots->id_hash, slot, id_node[idx], id) {
if (slot->id == id)
return slot;
}
bool kvm_arch_irqfd_allowed(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_irqfd *args);
/*
- * Returns a pointer to the memslot at slot_index if it contains gfn.
+ * Returns a pointer to the memslot if it contains gfn.
* Otherwise returns NULL.
*/
static inline struct kvm_memory_slot *
-try_get_memslot(struct kvm_memslots *slots, int slot_index, gfn_t gfn)
+try_get_memslot(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn)
{
- struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
-
- if (slot_index < 0 || slot_index >= slots->used_slots)
+ if (!slot)
return NULL;
- /*
- * slot_index can come from vcpu->last_used_slot which is not kept
- * in sync with userspace-controllable memslot deletion. So use nospec
- * to prevent the CPU from speculating past the end of memslots[].
- */
- slot_index = array_index_nospec(slot_index, slots->used_slots);
- slot = &slots->memslots[slot_index];
-
if (gfn >= slot->base_gfn && gfn < slot->base_gfn + slot->npages)
return slot;
else
}
/*
- * Returns a pointer to the memslot that contains gfn and records the index of
- * the slot in index. Otherwise returns NULL.
+ * Returns a pointer to the memslot that contains gfn. Otherwise returns NULL.
*
* With "approx" set returns the memslot also when the address falls
* in a hole. In that case one of the memslots bordering the hole is
* returned.
- *
- * IMPORTANT: Slots are sorted from highest GFN to lowest GFN!
*/
static inline struct kvm_memory_slot *
-search_memslots(struct kvm_memslots *slots, gfn_t gfn, int *index, bool approx)
+search_memslots(struct kvm_memslots *slots, gfn_t gfn, bool approx)
{
- int start = 0, end = slots->used_slots;
- struct kvm_memory_slot *memslots = slots->memslots;
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
-
- if (unlikely(!slots->used_slots))
- return NULL;
-
- while (start < end) {
- int slot = start + (end - start) / 2;
-
- if (gfn >= memslots[slot].base_gfn)
- end = slot;
- else
- start = slot + 1;
- }
-
- if (approx && start >= slots->used_slots) {
- *index = slots->used_slots - 1;
- return &memslots[slots->used_slots - 1];
- }
-
- slot = try_get_memslot(slots, start, gfn);
- if (slot) {
- *index = start;
- return slot;
- }
- if (approx) {
- *index = start;
- return &memslots[start];
+ struct rb_node *node;
+ int idx = slots->node_idx;
+
+ slot = NULL;
+ for (node = slots->gfn_tree.rb_node; node; ) {
+ slot = container_of(node, struct kvm_memory_slot, gfn_node[idx]);
+ if (gfn >= slot->base_gfn) {
+ if (gfn < slot->base_gfn + slot->npages)
+ return slot;
+ node = node->rb_right;
+ } else
+ node = node->rb_left;
}
- return NULL;
+ return approx ? slot : NULL;
}
static inline struct kvm_memory_slot *
____gfn_to_memslot(struct kvm_memslots *slots, gfn_t gfn, bool approx)
{
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
- int slot_index = atomic_read(&slots->last_used_slot);
- slot = try_get_memslot(slots, slot_index, gfn);
+ slot = (struct kvm_memory_slot *)atomic_long_read(&slots->last_used_slot);
+ slot = try_get_memslot(slot, gfn);
if (slot)
return slot;
- slot = search_memslots(slots, gfn, &slot_index, approx);
+ slot = search_memslots(slots, gfn, approx);
if (slot) {
- atomic_set(&slots->last_used_slot, slot_index);
+ atomic_long_set(&slots->last_used_slot, (unsigned long)slot);
return slot;
}
vcpu->preempted = false;
vcpu->ready = false;
preempt_notifier_init(&vcpu->preempt_notifier, &kvm_preempt_ops);
- vcpu->last_used_slot = 0;
+ vcpu->last_used_slot = NULL;
}
static void kvm_vcpu_destroy(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
range->start, range->end - 1) {
unsigned long hva_start, hva_end;
- slot = container_of(node, struct kvm_memory_slot, hva_node);
+ slot = container_of(node, struct kvm_memory_slot, hva_node[slots->node_idx]);
hva_start = max(range->start, slot->userspace_addr);
hva_end = min(range->end, slot->userspace_addr +
(slot->npages << PAGE_SHIFT));
}
#endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_PM_NOTIFIER */
-static struct kvm_memslots *kvm_alloc_memslots(void)
-{
- struct kvm_memslots *slots;
-
- slots = kvzalloc(sizeof(struct kvm_memslots), GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
- if (!slots)
- return NULL;
-
- slots->hva_tree = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
- hash_init(slots->id_hash);
-
- return slots;
-}
-
static void kvm_destroy_dirty_bitmap(struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
{
if (!memslot->dirty_bitmap)
memslot->dirty_bitmap = NULL;
}
+/* This does not remove the slot from struct kvm_memslots data structures */
static void kvm_free_memslot(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
{
kvm_destroy_dirty_bitmap(slot);
kvm_arch_free_memslot(kvm, slot);
- slot->flags = 0;
- slot->npages = 0;
+ kfree(slot);
}
static void kvm_free_memslots(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memslots *slots)
{
+ struct hlist_node *idnode;
struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot;
+ int bkt;
- if (!slots)
+ /*
+ * The same memslot objects live in both active and inactive sets,
+ * arbitrarily free using index '1' so the second invocation of this
+ * function isn't operating over a structure with dangling pointers
+ * (even though this function isn't actually touching them).
+ */
+ if (!slots->node_idx)
return;
- kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, slots)
+ hash_for_each_safe(slots->id_hash, bkt, idnode, memslot, id_node[1])
kvm_free_memslot(kvm, memslot);
-
- kvfree(slots);
}
static umode_t kvm_stats_debugfs_mode(const struct _kvm_stats_desc *pdesc)
static struct kvm *kvm_create_vm(unsigned long type)
{
struct kvm *kvm = kvm_arch_alloc_vm();
+ struct kvm_memslots *slots;
int r = -ENOMEM;
- int i;
+ int i, j;
if (!kvm)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
refcount_set(&kvm->users_count, 1);
for (i = 0; i < KVM_ADDRESS_SPACE_NUM; i++) {
- struct kvm_memslots *slots = kvm_alloc_memslots();
+ for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+ slots = &kvm->__memslots[i][j];
- if (!slots)
- goto out_err_no_arch_destroy_vm;
- /* Generations must be different for each address space. */
- slots->generation = i;
- rcu_assign_pointer(kvm->memslots[i], slots);
+ atomic_long_set(&slots->last_used_slot, (unsigned long)NULL);
+ slots->hva_tree = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
+ slots->gfn_tree = RB_ROOT;
+ hash_init(slots->id_hash);
+ slots->node_idx = j;
+
+ /* Generations must be different for each address space. */
+ slots->generation = i;
+ }
+
+ rcu_assign_pointer(kvm->memslots[i], &kvm->__memslots[i][0]);
}
for (i = 0; i < KVM_NR_BUSES; i++) {
WARN_ON_ONCE(!refcount_dec_and_test(&kvm->users_count));
for (i = 0; i < KVM_NR_BUSES; i++)
kfree(kvm_get_bus(kvm, i));
- for (i = 0; i < KVM_ADDRESS_SPACE_NUM; i++)
- kvm_free_memslots(kvm, __kvm_memslots(kvm, i));
cleanup_srcu_struct(&kvm->irq_srcu);
out_err_no_irq_srcu:
cleanup_srcu_struct(&kvm->srcu);
#endif
kvm_arch_destroy_vm(kvm);
kvm_destroy_devices(kvm);
- for (i = 0; i < KVM_ADDRESS_SPACE_NUM; i++)
- kvm_free_memslots(kvm, __kvm_memslots(kvm, i));
+ for (i = 0; i < KVM_ADDRESS_SPACE_NUM; i++) {
+ kvm_free_memslots(kvm, &kvm->__memslots[i][0]);
+ kvm_free_memslots(kvm, &kvm->__memslots[i][1]);
+ }
cleanup_srcu_struct(&kvm->irq_srcu);
cleanup_srcu_struct(&kvm->srcu);
kvm_arch_free_vm(kvm);
return 0;
}
-static void kvm_replace_memslot(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
- struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
- struct kvm_memory_slot *new)
-{
- /*
- * Remove the old memslot from the hash list and interval tree, copying
- * the node data would corrupt the structures.
- */
- if (old) {
- hash_del(&old->id_node);
- interval_tree_remove(&old->hva_node, &slots->hva_tree);
-
- if (!new)
- return;
-
- /* Copy the source *data*, not the pointer, to the destination. */
- *new = *old;
- } else {
- /* If @old is NULL, initialize @new's hva range. */
- new->hva_node.start = new->userspace_addr;
- new->hva_node.last = new->userspace_addr +
- (new->npages << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1;
- }
-
- /* (Re)Add the new memslot. */
- hash_add(slots->id_hash, &new->id_node, new->id);
- interval_tree_insert(&new->hva_node, &slots->hva_tree);
-}
-
-static void kvm_shift_memslot(struct kvm_memslots *slots, int dst, int src)
+static struct kvm_memslots *kvm_get_inactive_memslots(struct kvm *kvm, int as_id)
{
- struct kvm_memory_slot *mslots = slots->memslots;
+ struct kvm_memslots *active = __kvm_memslots(kvm, as_id);
+ int node_idx_inactive = active->node_idx ^ 1;
- kvm_replace_memslot(slots, &mslots[src], &mslots[dst]);
+ return &kvm->__memslots[as_id][node_idx_inactive];
}
/*
- * Delete a memslot by decrementing the number of used slots and shifting all
- * other entries in the array forward one spot.
- * @memslot is a detached dummy struct with just .id and .as_id filled.
+ * Helper to get the address space ID when one of memslot pointers may be NULL.
+ * This also serves as a sanity that at least one of the pointers is non-NULL,
+ * and that their address space IDs don't diverge.
*/
-static inline void kvm_memslot_delete(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
- struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
+static int kvm_memslots_get_as_id(struct kvm_memory_slot *a,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *b)
{
- struct kvm_memory_slot *mslots = slots->memslots;
- struct kvm_memory_slot *oldslot = id_to_memslot(slots, memslot->id);
- int i;
-
- if (WARN_ON(!oldslot))
- return;
-
- slots->used_slots--;
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!a && !b))
+ return 0;
- if (atomic_read(&slots->last_used_slot) >= slots->used_slots)
- atomic_set(&slots->last_used_slot, 0);
+ if (!a)
+ return b->as_id;
+ if (!b)
+ return a->as_id;
- /*
- * Remove the to-be-deleted memslot from the list/tree _before_ shifting
- * the trailing memslots forward, its data will be overwritten.
- * Defer the (somewhat pointless) copying of the memslot until after
- * the last slot has been shifted to avoid overwriting said last slot.
- */
- kvm_replace_memslot(slots, oldslot, NULL);
-
- for (i = oldslot - mslots; i < slots->used_slots; i++)
- kvm_shift_memslot(slots, i, i + 1);
- mslots[i] = *memslot;
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(a->as_id != b->as_id);
+ return a->as_id;
}
-/*
- * "Insert" a new memslot by incrementing the number of used slots. Returns
- * the new slot's initial index into the memslots array.
- */
-static inline int kvm_memslot_insert_back(struct kvm_memslots *slots)
+static void kvm_insert_gfn_node(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
{
- return slots->used_slots++;
-}
-
-/*
- * Move a changed memslot backwards in the array by shifting existing slots
- * with a higher GFN toward the front of the array. Note, the changed memslot
- * itself is not preserved in the array, i.e. not swapped at this time, only
- * its new index into the array is tracked. Returns the changed memslot's
- * current index into the memslots array.
- * The memslot at the returned index will not be in @slots->hva_tree or
- * @slots->id_hash by then.
- * @memslot is a detached struct with desired final data of the changed slot.
- */
-static inline int kvm_memslot_move_backward(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
- struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
-{
- struct kvm_memory_slot *mslots = slots->memslots;
- struct kvm_memory_slot *oldslot = id_to_memslot(slots, memslot->id);
- int i;
-
- if (!oldslot || !slots->used_slots)
- return -1;
-
- /*
- * Delete the slot from the hash table and interval tree before sorting
- * the remaining slots, the slot's data may be overwritten when copying
- * slots as part of the sorting proccess. update_memslots() will
- * unconditionally rewrite and re-add the entire slot.
- */
- kvm_replace_memslot(slots, oldslot, NULL);
-
- /*
- * Move the target memslot backward in the array by shifting existing
- * memslots with a higher GFN (than the target memslot) towards the
- * front of the array.
- */
- for (i = oldslot - mslots; i < slots->used_slots - 1; i++) {
- if (memslot->base_gfn > mslots[i + 1].base_gfn)
- break;
+ struct rb_root *gfn_tree = &slots->gfn_tree;
+ struct rb_node **node, *parent;
+ int idx = slots->node_idx;
- WARN_ON_ONCE(memslot->base_gfn == mslots[i + 1].base_gfn);
+ parent = NULL;
+ for (node = &gfn_tree->rb_node; *node; ) {
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *tmp;
- kvm_shift_memslot(slots, i, i + 1);
+ tmp = container_of(*node, struct kvm_memory_slot, gfn_node[idx]);
+ parent = *node;
+ if (slot->base_gfn < tmp->base_gfn)
+ node = &(*node)->rb_left;
+ else if (slot->base_gfn > tmp->base_gfn)
+ node = &(*node)->rb_right;
+ else
+ BUG();
}
- return i;
+
+ rb_link_node(&slot->gfn_node[idx], parent, node);
+ rb_insert_color(&slot->gfn_node[idx], gfn_tree);
}
-/*
- * Move a changed memslot forwards in the array by shifting existing slots with
- * a lower GFN toward the back of the array. Note, the changed memslot itself
- * is not preserved in the array, i.e. not swapped at this time, only its new
- * index into the array is tracked. Returns the changed memslot's final index
- * into the memslots array.
- * The memslot at the returned index will not be in @slots->hva_tree or
- * @slots->id_hash by then.
- * @memslot is a detached struct with desired final data of the new or
- * changed slot.
- * Assumes that the memslot at @start index is not in @slots->hva_tree or
- * @slots->id_hash.
- */
-static inline int kvm_memslot_move_forward(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
- struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,
- int start)
+static void kvm_erase_gfn_node(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
{
- struct kvm_memory_slot *mslots = slots->memslots;
- int i;
+ rb_erase(&slot->gfn_node[slots->node_idx], &slots->gfn_tree);
+}
- for (i = start; i > 0; i--) {
- if (memslot->base_gfn < mslots[i - 1].base_gfn)
- break;
+static void kvm_replace_gfn_node(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *new)
+{
+ int idx = slots->node_idx;
- WARN_ON_ONCE(memslot->base_gfn == mslots[i - 1].base_gfn);
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(old->base_gfn != new->base_gfn);
- kvm_shift_memslot(slots, i, i - 1);
- }
- return i;
+ rb_replace_node(&old->gfn_node[idx], &new->gfn_node[idx],
+ &slots->gfn_tree);
}
/*
- * Re-sort memslots based on their GFN to account for an added, deleted, or
- * moved memslot. Sorting memslots by GFN allows using a binary search during
- * memslot lookup.
- *
- * IMPORTANT: Slots are sorted from highest GFN to lowest GFN! I.e. the entry
- * at memslots[0] has the highest GFN.
- *
- * The sorting algorithm takes advantage of having initially sorted memslots
- * and knowing the position of the changed memslot. Sorting is also optimized
- * by not swapping the updated memslot and instead only shifting other memslots
- * and tracking the new index for the update memslot. Only once its final
- * index is known is the updated memslot copied into its position in the array.
- *
- * - When deleting a memslot, the deleted memslot simply needs to be moved to
- * the end of the array.
- *
- * - When creating a memslot, the algorithm "inserts" the new memslot at the
- * end of the array and then it forward to its correct location.
- *
- * - When moving a memslot, the algorithm first moves the updated memslot
- * backward to handle the scenario where the memslot's GFN was changed to a
- * lower value. update_memslots() then falls through and runs the same flow
- * as creating a memslot to move the memslot forward to handle the scenario
- * where its GFN was changed to a higher value.
+ * Replace @old with @new in the inactive memslots.
*
- * Note, slots are sorted from highest->lowest instead of lowest->highest for
- * historical reasons. Originally, invalid memslots where denoted by having
- * GFN=0, thus sorting from highest->lowest naturally sorted invalid memslots
- * to the end of the array. The current algorithm uses dedicated logic to
- * delete a memslot and thus does not rely on invalid memslots having GFN=0.
+ * With NULL @old this simply adds @new.
+ * With NULL @new this simply removes @old.
*
- * The other historical motiviation for highest->lowest was to improve the
- * performance of memslot lookup. KVM originally used a linear search starting
- * at memslots[0]. On x86, the largest memslot usually has one of the highest,
- * if not *the* highest, GFN, as the bulk of the guest's RAM is located in a
- * single memslot above the 4gb boundary. As the largest memslot is also the
- * most likely to be referenced, sorting it to the front of the array was
- * advantageous. The current binary search starts from the middle of the array
- * and uses an LRU pointer to improve performance for all memslots and GFNs.
- *
- * @memslot is a detached struct, not a part of the current or new memslot
- * array.
+ * If @new is non-NULL its hva_node[slots_idx] range has to be set
+ * appropriately.
*/
-static void update_memslots(struct kvm_memslots *slots,
- struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,
- enum kvm_mr_change change)
+static void kvm_replace_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *new)
{
- int i;
+ int as_id = kvm_memslots_get_as_id(old, new);
+ struct kvm_memslots *slots = kvm_get_inactive_memslots(kvm, as_id);
+ int idx = slots->node_idx;
- if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE) {
- kvm_memslot_delete(slots, memslot);
- } else {
- if (change == KVM_MR_CREATE)
- i = kvm_memslot_insert_back(slots);
- else
- i = kvm_memslot_move_backward(slots, memslot);
- i = kvm_memslot_move_forward(slots, memslot, i);
+ if (old) {
+ hash_del(&old->id_node[idx]);
+ interval_tree_remove(&old->hva_node[idx], &slots->hva_tree);
- if (WARN_ON_ONCE(i < 0))
+ if ((long)old == atomic_long_read(&slots->last_used_slot))
+ atomic_long_set(&slots->last_used_slot, (long)new);
+
+ if (!new) {
+ kvm_erase_gfn_node(slots, old);
return;
+ }
+ }
- /*
- * Copy the memslot to its new position in memslots and update
- * its index accordingly.
- */
- slots->memslots[i] = *memslot;
- kvm_replace_memslot(slots, NULL, &slots->memslots[i]);
+ /*
+ * Initialize @new's hva range. Do this even when replacing an @old
+ * slot, kvm_copy_memslot() deliberately does not touch node data.
+ */
+ new->hva_node[idx].start = new->userspace_addr;
+ new->hva_node[idx].last = new->userspace_addr +
+ (new->npages << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1;
+
+ /*
+ * (Re)Add the new memslot. There is no O(1) interval_tree_replace(),
+ * hva_node needs to be swapped with remove+insert even though hva can't
+ * change when replacing an existing slot.
+ */
+ hash_add(slots->id_hash, &new->id_node[idx], new->id);
+ interval_tree_insert(&new->hva_node[idx], &slots->hva_tree);
+
+ /*
+ * If the memslot gfn is unchanged, rb_replace_node() can be used to
+ * switch the node in the gfn tree instead of removing the old and
+ * inserting the new as two separate operations. Replacement is a
+ * single O(1) operation versus two O(log(n)) operations for
+ * remove+insert.
+ */
+ if (old && old->base_gfn == new->base_gfn) {
+ kvm_replace_gfn_node(slots, old, new);
+ } else {
+ if (old)
+ kvm_erase_gfn_node(slots, old);
+ kvm_insert_gfn_node(slots, new);
}
}
return 0;
}
-static struct kvm_memslots *install_new_memslots(struct kvm *kvm,
- int as_id, struct kvm_memslots *slots)
+static void kvm_swap_active_memslots(struct kvm *kvm, int as_id)
{
- struct kvm_memslots *old_memslots = __kvm_memslots(kvm, as_id);
- u64 gen = old_memslots->generation;
+ struct kvm_memslots *slots = kvm_get_inactive_memslots(kvm, as_id);
+
+ /* Grab the generation from the activate memslots. */
+ u64 gen = __kvm_memslots(kvm, as_id)->generation;
WARN_ON(gen & KVM_MEMSLOT_GEN_UPDATE_IN_PROGRESS);
slots->generation = gen | KVM_MEMSLOT_GEN_UPDATE_IN_PROGRESS;
kvm_arch_memslots_updated(kvm, gen);
slots->generation = gen;
-
- return old_memslots;
-}
-
-static size_t kvm_memslots_size(int slots)
-{
- return sizeof(struct kvm_memslots) +
- (sizeof(struct kvm_memory_slot) * slots);
-}
-
-/*
- * Note, at a minimum, the current number of used slots must be allocated, even
- * when deleting a memslot, as we need a complete duplicate of the memslots for
- * use when invalidating a memslot prior to deleting/moving the memslot.
- */
-static struct kvm_memslots *kvm_dup_memslots(struct kvm_memslots *old,
- enum kvm_mr_change change)
-{
- struct kvm_memslots *slots;
- size_t new_size;
- struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot;
-
- if (change == KVM_MR_CREATE)
- new_size = kvm_memslots_size(old->used_slots + 1);
- else
- new_size = kvm_memslots_size(old->used_slots);
-
- slots = kvzalloc(new_size, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
- if (unlikely(!slots))
- return NULL;
-
- memcpy(slots, old, kvm_memslots_size(old->used_slots));
-
- slots->hva_tree = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
- hash_init(slots->id_hash);
- kvm_for_each_memslot(memslot, slots) {
- interval_tree_insert(&memslot->hva_node, &slots->hva_tree);
- hash_add(slots->id_hash, &memslot->id_node, memslot->id);
- }
-
- return slots;
-}
-
-static void kvm_copy_memslots_arch(struct kvm_memslots *to,
- struct kvm_memslots *from)
-{
- int i;
-
- WARN_ON_ONCE(to->used_slots != from->used_slots);
-
- for (i = 0; i < from->used_slots; i++)
- to->memslots[i].arch = from->memslots[i].arch;
}
static int kvm_prepare_memory_region(struct kvm *kvm,
kvm_arch_commit_memory_region(kvm, old, new, change);
+ switch (change) {
+ case KVM_MR_CREATE:
+ /* Nothing more to do. */
+ break;
+ case KVM_MR_DELETE:
+ /* Free the old memslot and all its metadata. */
+ kvm_free_memslot(kvm, old);
+ break;
+ case KVM_MR_MOVE:
+ case KVM_MR_FLAGS_ONLY:
+ /*
+ * Free the dirty bitmap as needed; the below check encompasses
+ * both the flags and whether a ring buffer is being used)
+ */
+ if (old->dirty_bitmap && !new->dirty_bitmap)
+ kvm_destroy_dirty_bitmap(old);
+
+ /*
+ * The final quirk. Free the detached, old slot, but only its
+ * memory, not any metadata. Metadata, including arch specific
+ * data, may be reused by @new.
+ */
+ kfree(old);
+ break;
+ default:
+ BUG();
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Activate @new, which must be installed in the inactive slots by the caller,
+ * by swapping the active slots and then propagating @new to @old once @old is
+ * unreachable and can be safely modified.
+ *
+ * With NULL @old this simply adds @new to @active (while swapping the sets).
+ * With NULL @new this simply removes @old from @active and frees it
+ * (while also swapping the sets).
+ */
+static void kvm_activate_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *new)
+{
+ int as_id = kvm_memslots_get_as_id(old, new);
+
+ kvm_swap_active_memslots(kvm, as_id);
+
+ /* Propagate the new memslot to the now inactive memslots. */
+ kvm_replace_memslot(kvm, old, new);
+}
+
+static void kvm_copy_memslot(struct kvm_memory_slot *dest,
+ const struct kvm_memory_slot *src)
+{
+ dest->base_gfn = src->base_gfn;
+ dest->npages = src->npages;
+ dest->dirty_bitmap = src->dirty_bitmap;
+ dest->arch = src->arch;
+ dest->userspace_addr = src->userspace_addr;
+ dest->flags = src->flags;
+ dest->id = src->id;
+ dest->as_id = src->as_id;
+}
+
+static void kvm_invalidate_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *working_slot)
+{
/*
- * Free the old memslot's metadata. On DELETE, free the whole thing,
- * otherwise free the dirty bitmap as needed (the below effectively
- * checks both the flags and whether a ring buffer is being used).
+ * Mark the current slot INVALID. As with all memslot modifications,
+ * this must be done on an unreachable slot to avoid modifying the
+ * current slot in the active tree.
*/
- if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE)
- kvm_free_memslot(kvm, old);
- else if (old->dirty_bitmap && !new->dirty_bitmap)
- kvm_destroy_dirty_bitmap(old);
+ kvm_copy_memslot(working_slot, old);
+ working_slot->flags |= KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID;
+ kvm_replace_memslot(kvm, old, working_slot);
+
+ /*
+ * Activate the slot that is now marked INVALID, but don't propagate
+ * the slot to the now inactive slots. The slot is either going to be
+ * deleted or recreated as a new slot.
+ */
+ kvm_swap_active_memslots(kvm, old->as_id);
+
+ /*
+ * From this point no new shadow pages pointing to a deleted, or moved,
+ * memslot will be created. Validation of sp->gfn happens in:
+ * - gfn_to_hva (kvm_read_guest, gfn_to_pfn)
+ * - kvm_is_visible_gfn (mmu_check_root)
+ */
+ kvm_arch_flush_shadow_memslot(kvm, working_slot);
+
+ /* Was released by kvm_swap_active_memslots, reacquire. */
+ mutex_lock(&kvm->slots_arch_lock);
+
+ /*
+ * Copy the arch-specific field of the newly-installed slot back to the
+ * old slot as the arch data could have changed between releasing
+ * slots_arch_lock in install_new_memslots() and re-acquiring the lock
+ * above. Writers are required to retrieve memslots *after* acquiring
+ * slots_arch_lock, thus the active slot's data is guaranteed to be fresh.
+ */
+ old->arch = working_slot->arch;
+}
+
+static void kvm_create_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ const struct kvm_memory_slot *new,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *working)
+{
+ /*
+ * Add the new memslot to the inactive set as a copy of the
+ * new memslot data provided by userspace.
+ */
+ kvm_copy_memslot(working, new);
+ kvm_replace_memslot(kvm, NULL, working);
+ kvm_activate_memslot(kvm, NULL, working);
+}
+
+static void kvm_delete_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *invalid_slot)
+{
+ /*
+ * Remove the old memslot (in the inactive memslots) by passing NULL as
+ * the "new" slot.
+ */
+ kvm_replace_memslot(kvm, old, NULL);
+
+ /* And do the same for the invalid version in the active slot. */
+ kvm_activate_memslot(kvm, invalid_slot, NULL);
+
+ /* Free the invalid slot, the caller will clean up the old slot. */
+ kfree(invalid_slot);
+}
+
+static struct kvm_memory_slot *kvm_move_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ const struct kvm_memory_slot *new,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *invalid_slot)
+{
+ struct kvm_memslots *slots = kvm_get_inactive_memslots(kvm, old->as_id);
+
+ /*
+ * The memslot's gfn is changing, remove it from the inactive tree, it
+ * will be re-added with its updated gfn. Because its range is
+ * changing, an in-place replace is not possible.
+ */
+ kvm_erase_gfn_node(slots, old);
+
+ /*
+ * The old slot is now fully disconnected, reuse its memory for the
+ * persistent copy of "new".
+ */
+ kvm_copy_memslot(old, new);
+
+ /* Re-add to the gfn tree with the updated gfn */
+ kvm_insert_gfn_node(slots, old);
+
+ /* Replace the current INVALID slot with the updated memslot. */
+ kvm_activate_memslot(kvm, invalid_slot, old);
+
+ /*
+ * Clear the INVALID flag so that the invalid_slot is now a perfect
+ * copy of the old slot. Return it for cleanup in the caller.
+ */
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(!(invalid_slot->flags & KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID));
+ invalid_slot->flags &= ~KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID;
+ return invalid_slot;
+}
+
+static void kvm_update_flags_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
+ const struct kvm_memory_slot *new,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *working_slot)
+{
+ /*
+ * Similar to the MOVE case, but the slot doesn't need to be zapped as
+ * an intermediate step. Instead, the old memslot is simply replaced
+ * with a new, updated copy in both memslot sets.
+ */
+ kvm_copy_memslot(working_slot, new);
+ kvm_replace_memslot(kvm, old, working_slot);
+ kvm_activate_memslot(kvm, old, working_slot);
}
static int kvm_set_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *old,
struct kvm_memory_slot *new,
enum kvm_mr_change change)
{
- struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, old;
- struct kvm_memslots *slots;
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *working;
int r;
/*
- * Released in install_new_memslots.
+ * Modifications are done on an unreachable slot. Any changes are then
+ * (eventually) propagated to both the active and inactive slots. This
+ * allocation would ideally be on-demand (in helpers), but is done here
+ * to avoid having to handle failure after kvm_prepare_memory_region().
+ */
+ working = kzalloc(sizeof(*working), GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
+ if (!working)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ /*
+ * Released in kvm_swap_active_memslots.
*
* Must be held from before the current memslots are copied until
* after the new memslots are installed with rcu_assign_pointer,
- * then released before the synchronize srcu in install_new_memslots.
+ * then released before the synchronize srcu in kvm_swap_active_memslots.
*
* When modifying memslots outside of the slots_lock, must be held
* before reading the pointer to the current memslots until after all
*/
mutex_lock(&kvm->slots_arch_lock);
- slots = kvm_dup_memslots(__kvm_memslots(kvm, new->as_id), change);
- if (!slots) {
- mutex_unlock(&kvm->slots_arch_lock);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
-
- if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE || change == KVM_MR_MOVE) {
- /*
- * Note, the INVALID flag needs to be in the appropriate entry
- * in the freshly allocated memslots, not in @old or @new.
- */
- slot = id_to_memslot(slots, new->id);
- slot->flags |= KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID;
-
- /*
- * We can re-use the old memslots, the only difference from the
- * newly installed memslots is the invalid flag, which will get
- * dropped by update_memslots anyway. We'll also revert to the
- * old memslots if preparing the new memory region fails.
- */
- slots = install_new_memslots(kvm, new->as_id, slots);
-
- /* From this point no new shadow pages pointing to a deleted,
- * or moved, memslot will be created.
- *
- * validation of sp->gfn happens in:
- * - gfn_to_hva (kvm_read_guest, gfn_to_pfn)
- * - kvm_is_visible_gfn (mmu_check_root)
- */
- kvm_arch_flush_shadow_memslot(kvm, slot);
-
- /* Released in install_new_memslots. */
- mutex_lock(&kvm->slots_arch_lock);
+ /*
+ * Invalidate the old slot if it's being deleted or moved. This is
+ * done prior to actually deleting/moving the memslot to allow vCPUs to
+ * continue running by ensuring there are no mappings or shadow pages
+ * for the memslot when it is deleted/moved. Without pre-invalidation
+ * (and without a lock), a window would exist between effecting the
+ * delete/move and committing the changes in arch code where KVM or a
+ * guest could access a non-existent memslot.
+ */
+ if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE || change == KVM_MR_MOVE)
+ kvm_invalidate_memslot(kvm, old, working);
+ r = kvm_prepare_memory_region(kvm, old, new, change);
+ if (r) {
/*
- * The arch-specific fields of the now-active memslots could
- * have been modified between releasing slots_arch_lock in
- * install_new_memslots and re-acquiring slots_arch_lock above.
- * Copy them to the inactive memslots. Arch code is required
- * to retrieve memslots *after* acquiring slots_arch_lock, thus
- * the active memslots are guaranteed to be fresh.
+ * For DELETE/MOVE, revert the above INVALID change. No
+ * modifications required since the original slot was preserved
+ * in the inactive slots. Changing the active memslots also
+ * release slots_arch_lock.
*/
- kvm_copy_memslots_arch(slots, __kvm_memslots(kvm, new->as_id));
+ if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE || change == KVM_MR_MOVE)
+ kvm_activate_memslot(kvm, working, old);
+ else
+ mutex_unlock(&kvm->slots_arch_lock);
+ kfree(working);
+ return r;
}
/*
- * Make a full copy of the old memslot, the pointer will become stale
- * when the memslots are re-sorted by update_memslots(), and the old
- * memslot needs to be referenced after calling update_memslots(), e.g.
- * to free its resources and for arch specific behavior. This needs to
- * happen *after* (re)acquiring slots_arch_lock.
+ * For DELETE and MOVE, the working slot is now active as the INVALID
+ * version of the old slot. MOVE is particularly special as it reuses
+ * the old slot and returns a copy of the old slot (in working_slot).
+ * For CREATE, there is no old slot. For DELETE and FLAGS_ONLY, the
+ * old slot is detached but otherwise preserved.
*/
- slot = id_to_memslot(slots, new->id);
- if (slot) {
- old = *slot;
- } else {
- WARN_ON_ONCE(change != KVM_MR_CREATE);
- memset(&old, 0, sizeof(old));
- old.id = new->id;
- old.as_id = new->as_id;
- }
-
- r = kvm_prepare_memory_region(kvm, &old, new, change);
- if (r)
- goto out_slots;
-
- update_memslots(slots, new, change);
- slots = install_new_memslots(kvm, new->as_id, slots);
+ if (change == KVM_MR_CREATE)
+ kvm_create_memslot(kvm, new, working);
+ else if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE)
+ kvm_delete_memslot(kvm, old, working);
+ else if (change == KVM_MR_MOVE)
+ old = kvm_move_memslot(kvm, old, new, working);
+ else if (change == KVM_MR_FLAGS_ONLY)
+ kvm_update_flags_memslot(kvm, old, new, working);
+ else
+ BUG();
- kvm_commit_memory_region(kvm, &old, new, change);
+ /*
+ * No need to refresh new->arch, changes after dropping slots_arch_lock
+ * will directly hit the final, active memsot. Architectures are
+ * responsible for knowing that new->arch may be stale.
+ */
+ kvm_commit_memory_region(kvm, old, new, change);
- kvfree(slots);
return 0;
-
-out_slots:
- if (change == KVM_MR_DELETE || change == KVM_MR_MOVE)
- slots = install_new_memslots(kvm, new->as_id, slots);
- else
- mutex_unlock(&kvm->slots_arch_lock);
- kvfree(slots);
- return r;
}
/*
new.id = id;
new.as_id = as_id;
- return kvm_set_memslot(kvm, &new, KVM_MR_DELETE);
+ return kvm_set_memslot(kvm, old, &new, KVM_MR_DELETE);
}
new.as_id = as_id;
}
if ((change == KVM_MR_CREATE) || (change == KVM_MR_MOVE)) {
+ int bkt;
+
/* Check for overlaps */
- kvm_for_each_memslot(tmp, __kvm_memslots(kvm, as_id)) {
+ kvm_for_each_memslot(tmp, bkt, __kvm_memslots(kvm, as_id)) {
if (tmp->id == id)
continue;
if (!((new.base_gfn + new.npages <= tmp->base_gfn) ||
}
}
- return kvm_set_memslot(kvm, &new, change);
+ return kvm_set_memslot(kvm, old, &new, change);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__kvm_set_memory_region);
struct kvm_memory_slot *kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gfn_t gfn)
{
struct kvm_memslots *slots = kvm_vcpu_memslots(vcpu);
+ u64 gen = slots->generation;
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
- int slot_index;
- slot = try_get_memslot(slots, vcpu->last_used_slot, gfn);
+ /*
+ * This also protects against using a memslot from a different address space,
+ * since different address spaces have different generation numbers.
+ */
+ if (unlikely(gen != vcpu->last_used_slot_gen)) {
+ vcpu->last_used_slot = NULL;
+ vcpu->last_used_slot_gen = gen;
+ }
+
+ slot = try_get_memslot(vcpu->last_used_slot, gfn);
if (slot)
return slot;
/*
* Fall back to searching all memslots. We purposely use
* search_memslots() instead of __gfn_to_memslot() to avoid
- * thrashing the VM-wide last_used_index in kvm_memslots.
+ * thrashing the VM-wide last_used_slot in kvm_memslots.
*/
- slot = search_memslots(slots, gfn, &slot_index, false);
+ slot = search_memslots(slots, gfn, false);
if (slot) {
- vcpu->last_used_slot = slot_index;
+ vcpu->last_used_slot = slot;
return slot;
}
projects / kernel.git / commitdiff